Umutungo w'ingenzi wa eteri ya selulosi ni imiterere yayo ya rheological. Imiterere yihariye ya eteri nyinshi za selulosi ituma zikoreshwa cyane mu nzego zitandukanye, kandi inyigo y'imiterere ya rheological ni ingirakamaro mu iterambere ry'imirima mishya ikoreshwa cyangwa kunoza imirima imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa. Li Jing wo muri Kaminuza ya Shanghai Jiao Tong yakoze inyigo ishingiye ku miterere ya rheological yacarboxymethylcellulose (CMC), harimo ingaruka z'imiterere ya molekile ya CMC (uburemere bwa molekile n'urwego rwo gusimbuza), pH y'icyitegererezo, n'imbaraga za iyoni. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bigaragaza ko viscosity ya zero-shear y'umuti yiyongera uko uburemere bwa molekile bwiyongera n'urwego rwo gusimbuza. Ukwiyongera k'uburemere bwa molekile bivuze gukura k'umunyururu wa molekile, kandi kwivanga byoroshye hagati ya molekile byongera viscosity y'umuti; urwego runini rwo gusimbuza rutuma molekile zirushaho kwaguka mu muti. Imiterere ibaho, ingano ya hydrodynamic ni nini, kandi viscosity iba nini. Viscosity y'umuti wa CMC w'amazi iriyongera uko ubwiyongere bw'icyitegererezo bwiyongera, bufite viscoelasticity. Viscosity y'umuti igabanuka hamwe n'agaciro ka pH, kandi iyo iri munsi y'agaciro runaka, viscosity iriyongera gato, amaherezo aside yigenga iraremwa kandi igahinduka. CMC ni polymer ya polyanionic, iyo wongeyeho ions z'umunyu wa monovalent Na+, K+ shield, viscosity izagabanuka uko bikwiye. Kongeramo divalent cation Caz+ bituma viscosity y'umuti igabanuka mbere hanyuma ikiyongera. Iyo igipimo cya Ca2+ kiri hejuru y’ingingo ya stoichiometric, molekile za CMC zikorana na Ca2+, kandi imiterere ya superstructure iba mu gisubizo. Liang Yaqin, Kaminuza y’Amajyaruguru y’Ubushinwa, n’abandi, bakoresheje uburyo bwa viscometer n’uburyo bwa viscometer bwo kuzenguruka kugira ngo bakore ubushakashatsi bwihariye ku miterere ya rheological y’ibisubizo bivanze n’ibivanze bya modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (CHEC). Ibisubizo by’ubushakashatsi byagaragaje ko: (1) Cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose ifite imiterere isanzwe ya polyelectrolyte viscolyte mu mazi meza, kandi viscosity igabanuka iriyongera uko igipimo cyiyongera. Viscosity y’imbere ya cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose ifite urwego rwo hejuru rwo gusimbuza ni nini kuruta iya cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose ifite urwego rwo hasi rwo gusimbuza. (2) Igisubizo cya cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose kigaragaza imiterere itari iya Newtonian fluid kandi gifite imiterere yo kugabanya: uko igipimo cy’umuti kigenda cyiyongera, viscosity yayo igaragara iriyongera; mu gipimo runaka cy’umunyu, viscosity ya CHEC igaragara igabanuka uko igipimo cy’umunyu cyiyongera. Mu gihe cyo gukata shearing imwe, ubukana bwa CHEC muri sisitemu ya CaCl2 buri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n’ubwa CHEC muri sisitemu ya NaCl.
Kubera ko ubushakashatsi bukomeje kwiyongera no kwaguka kw'ibice bikoreshwa, imiterere y'ibisubizo bivanze bigizwe na ether zitandukanye za cellulose nayo yakuruwe n'abantu. Urugero, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NACMC) na hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) bikoreshwa nk'ibintu bihindura amavuta mu bibanza bya peteroli, bifite ibyiza byo kudakomera cyane, ibikoresho fatizo byinshi kandi bihumanya ibidukikije bike, ariko ingaruka zo kubikoresha zonyine si nziza. Nubwo icya mbere gifite ubushyuhe bwiza, gihita kigira ingaruka ku bushyuhe n'umunyu; nubwo icya kabiri gifite ubushyuhe bwiza n'umunyu, ubushobozi bwacyo bwo kubyimba ni buke kandi ingano yacyo ni nini. Abashakashatsi bavanze ibisubizo bibiri maze basanga ubushyuhe bw'umuti uvanze bwarushijeho kuba bwinshi, ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe byarazamutse ku rugero runaka, kandi ingaruka zo gukoresha zarushijeho kwiyongera. Verica Sovilj n'abandi bize ku myitwarire ya rheological y'umuti wa sisitemu ivanze igizwe na HPMC na NACMC na surfactant ya anionic hamwe na viscometer izenguruka. Imyitwarire ya rheological y'iyi sisitemu iterwa n'ingaruka zitandukanye za HPMC-NACMC, HPMC-SDS na NACMC- (HPMC-SDS) zabayeho hagati.
Imiterere ya rheological y'ibisubizo bya ether bya cellulose nayo igirwaho ingaruka n'ibintu bitandukanye, nko kongeramo ibintu, imbaraga za mekanike zo hanze n'ubushyuhe. Tomoaki Hino n'abandi biga ingaruka zo kongeramo nikotine ku miterere ya rheological ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Kuri 25C n'ikigero kiri munsi ya 3%, HPMC yagaragaje imikorere ya Newtonian fluid. Ubwo nikotine yongerwagaho, viscosity yariyongereye, bigaragaza ko nikotine yongeraga uburyo bwo gufatana kwaHPMCMolekile. Nikotine hano igaragaza ingaruka zo gusya umunyu zizamura ingingo ya gel n'ingingo y'igihu bya HPMC. Imbaraga za mekanike nk'imbaraga zo gusya nazo zigira ingaruka ku miterere y'umuti w'amazi wa cellulose ether. Hakoreshejwe turbidimeter ya rheological n'igikoresho cyo gukwirakwiza urumuri rw'inguni nto, byagaragaye ko mu muti woroshye, wongera umuvuduko wo gusya, bitewe no kuvanga icyuma, ubushyuhe bw'impinduka z'igice cy'igihu buziyongera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 28 Mata 2024