Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ndi polima wosungunuka m'madzi wopangidwa kuchokera ku cellulose, womwe ndi polima wochuluka kwambiri padziko lapansi. CMC imapangidwa ndi kusinthidwa kwa mankhwala a cellulose, makamaka kuchokera ku zamkati zamatabwa kapena matumba a thonje. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera, kuphatikiza kuthekera kwake kopanga mayankho a viscous ndi ma gels, mphamvu yake yomangirira madzi, komanso kuwonongeka kwake kwachilengedwe.
Kapangidwe ka Chemical ndi Kupanga
Kapangidwe kakemidwe ka CMC kamakhala ndi ma cellulose backbones okhala ndi magulu a carboxymethyl (-CH2-COOH) ophatikizidwa ndi magulu ena a hydroxyl (-OH) pa ma glucose monomers. Kusintha kumeneku kumaphatikizapo kuchiza cellulose ndi chloroacetic acid mu alkaline sing'anga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The degree of substitution (DS) imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa magulu a hydroxyl pamtundu uliwonse wa shuga omwe asinthidwa ndi magulu a carboxymethyl, ndi DS ya 0.4 mpaka 1.4 kukhala yofala pamagwiritsidwe ambiri.
Kupanga kwa CMC kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo:
Alkalization: Ma cellulose amathandizidwa ndi maziko olimba, nthawi zambiri sodium hydroxide, kupanga alkali cellulose.
Etherification: Ma cellulose a alkali amasinthidwa ndi chloroacetic acid, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magulu a hydroxyl alowe m'malo ndi magulu a carboxymethyl.
Kuyeretsedwa: CMC yopanda pake imatsukidwa ndikuyeretsedwa kuti ichotse zotsalira ndi zopangira zowonjezera.
Kuyanika ndi Kugaya: The oyeretsedwa CMC zouma ndi milled kupeza kufunika tinthu kukula.
Katundu
CMC imadziwika ndi zinthu zake zapadera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana:
Kusungunuka kwamadzi: CMC imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, ndikupanga mayankho omveka bwino, owoneka bwino.
Viscosity Modulation: The viscosity ya CMC solutions itha kusinthidwa posintha ndende ndi kulemera kwa maselo, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza pakukulitsa ndi kukhazikika.
Kupanga Mafilimu: Imatha kupanga makanema amphamvu, osinthika akawumitsidwa ndi yankho.
Katundu Womatira: CMC imawonetsa zomatira zabwino, zomwe zimakhala zopindulitsa pakugwiritsa ntchito monga zomatira ndi zokutira.
Biodegradability: Chifukwa chochokera ku cellulose yachilengedwe, CMC imatha kuwonongeka, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yogwirizana ndi chilengedwe.
Makampani a Chakudya
CMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chowonjezera chazakudya (E466) chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kusinthira kukhuthala ndikukhazikitsa ma emulsions muzakudya zosiyanasiyana. Zimagwira ntchito ngati thickener, stabilizer, ndi emulsifier muzinthu monga ayisikilimu, mkaka, zinthu zophika buledi, ndi zovala za saladi. Mwachitsanzo, mu ayisikilimu, CMC imathandiza kupewa mapangidwe a ayezi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosalala.
Mankhwala ndi Zodzoladzola
M'makampani opanga mankhwala, CMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomangira pamapiritsi, disintegrant, ndi viscosity enhancer mu kuyimitsidwa ndi emulsions. Imagwiranso ntchito ngati chokhazikika mu mafuta odzola, mafuta opaka, ndi ma gels mumakampani azodzola. Chikhalidwe chake chopanda poizoni komanso chosakwiyitsa chimapangitsa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu izi.
Mapepala ndi Zovala
CMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani opanga mapepala ngati njira yosinthira kulimba komanso kusindikiza kwa pepala. Mu nsalu, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickening mu njira zopaka utoto komanso ngati gawo lazovala zosindikizira za nsalu, kupititsa patsogolo kufanana ndi mtundu wa prints.
Zotsukira ndi Zotsukira
Mu zotsukira, CMC imagwira ntchito ngati woyimitsa dothi, kuteteza dothi kuti lisakhazikikenso pansalu pakutsuka. Imawongoleranso magwiridwe antchito a zotsukira zamadzimadzi powonjezera kukhuthala kwawo komanso kukhazikika.
Kubowola Mafuta ndi Kukumba Migodi
CMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola madzimadzi kuti athe kuwongolera kukhuthala komanso ngati rheology modifier kuti matope obowola azikhala okhazikika, kuteteza kugwa kwa boreholes ndikuwongolera kuchotsedwa kwa zodulidwa. M'migodi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati flotation agent ndi flocculant.
Zomangamanga ndi Ceramics
M'makampani omanga, CMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga simenti ndi matope kuti apititse patsogolo kusungirako madzi komanso kugwira ntchito. Mu ceramics, imakhala ngati chomangira ndi plasticizer mu phala la ceramic, kuwongolera mawonekedwe awo ndi kuyanika.
Kuganizira Zachilengedwe ndi Chitetezo
CMC nthawi zambiri imawonedwa ngati yotetezeka (GRAS) ndi olamulira monga FDA. Ndilopanda poizoni, si allergenic, ndipo ndi biodegradable, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yogwirizana ndi chilengedwe. Komabe, kupanga kumaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe amayenera kusamaliridwa mosamala kuti ateteze kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe. Kutaya koyenera ndi kukonza zinyalala ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.
Zatsopano ndi Njira Zamtsogolo
Kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa mu gawo la CMC kukuphatikiza kupangidwa kwa CMC yosinthidwa yokhala ndi zida zowonjezera pazogwiritsa ntchito zina. Mwachitsanzo, CMC yokhala ndi kulemera kwa mamolekyu ogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa kulowetsedwa m'malo imatha kupititsa patsogolo machitidwe operekera mankhwala kapena monga zopangira zopangira bio. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wopitilira akuwunika kugwiritsa ntchito CMC m'malo atsopano monga uinjiniya wa minofu ndi bioprinting, pomwe kuthekera kwake kophatikizana ndi kupanga gel osakaniza kungakhale kopindulitsa kwambiri.
Carboxymethyl cellulose ndi chinthu chosunthika komanso chofunikira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Makhalidwe ake apadera, kuphatikizapo kusungunuka kwamadzi, kusinthasintha kwa viscosity, ndi biodegradability, zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri pazinthu zambiri. Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza pakupanga ndi kusinthidwa, CMC yakonzeka kutenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri m'magawo azikhalidwe komanso omwe akubwera kumene, zomwe zikuthandizira kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo komanso kukhazikika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-06-2024