Yuav kom peb piv tau CMC (carboxymethylcellulose) thiab HPMC (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose), peb yuav tsum nkag siab txog lawv cov yam ntxwv, kev siv, qhov zoo, qhov tsis zoo, thiab tej zaum yuav siv tau. Ob hom cellulose derivatives no siv dav hauv ntau yam lag luam, suav nrog tshuaj, khoom noj, tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab kev tsim kho. Txhua tus muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas ua rau lawv haum rau ntau lub hom phiaj sib txawv. Cia peb ua qhov kev sib piv tob tob kom pom qhov twg zoo dua hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej sib txawv.
1. Lub ntsiab lus thiab cov qauv:
CMC (carboxymethylcellulose): CMC yog ib qho cellulose derivative uas yaj tau hauv dej uas tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cellulose thiab chloroacetic acid. Nws muaj cov carboxymethyl pawg (-CH2-COOH) uas sib txuas nrog qee cov hydroxyl pawg ntawm glucopyranose monomers uas ua rau cov cellulose backbone.
HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose): HPMC kuj yog ib qho cellulose derivative uas yaj tau hauv dej uas tsim los ntawm kev kho cellulose nrog propylene oxide thiab methyl chloride. Nws muaj hydroxypropyl thiab methoxy pawg txuas rau cellulose backbone.
2. Kev yaj tau:
CMC: Yaj tau zoo heev hauv dej, ua rau cov kua pob tshab, nplaum. Nws qhia txog tus cwj pwm ntws pseudoplastic, uas txhais tau tias nws cov viscosity txo qis hauv qab kev ntxhov siab shear.
HPMC: Kuj yaj tau hauv dej, tsim cov kua nplaum me ntsis dua li CMC. Nws kuj qhia txog tus cwj pwm pseudoplastic.
3. Cov khoom siv rheological:
CMC: Qhia txog tus cwj pwm shear thinning, uas txhais tau tias nws cov viscosity txo qis nrog rau kev nce ntxiv ntawm shear rate. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau thickening tab sis cov tshuaj yuav tsum ntws yooj yim hauv qab shear, xws li xim, tshuaj ntxuav thiab tshuaj.
HPMC: muaj tus cwj pwm rheological zoo ib yam li CMC, tab sis nws cov viscosity feem ntau siab dua ntawm cov concentration qis. Nws muaj cov khoom ua yeeb yaj kiab zoo dua, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov xws li cov txheej txheem, cov nplaum thiab cov tshuaj tswj kev tso tawm.
4. Kev Ruaj Ntseg:
CMC: Feem ntau ruaj khov rau ntau yam pH thiab qhov kub. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus cov electrolytes nruab nrab.
HPMC: Ruaj khov dua li CMC nyob rau hauv cov mob acidic, tab sis tej zaum yuav raug hydrolysis nyob rau hauv cov mob alkaline. Nws kuj tseem rhiab heev rau divalent cations, uas tuaj yeem ua rau gelation lossis nag lossis daus.
5. Daim Ntawv Thov:
CMC: siv dav ua cov khoom siv thickener, stabilizer thiab dej-tuav tus neeg sawv cev hauv cov khoom noj (xws li ice cream, kua ntses), tshuaj (xws li ntsiav tshuaj, ncua) thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce (xws li tshuaj pleev, tshuaj pleev ib ce) kev lag luam.
HPMC: Feem ntau siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim kho (piv txwv li, cov nplaum rau cov vuas cement, plaster, mortar), tshuaj (piv txwv li, cov ntsiav tshuaj tswj kev tso tawm, cov tshuaj pleev qhov muag), thiab cov tshuaj pleev ib ce (piv txwv li, cov tshuaj qhov muag, cov khoom siv tu tawv nqaij).
6. Kev lom thiab kev nyab xeeb:
CMC: Feem ntau lees paub tias muaj kev nyab xeeb (GRAS) los ntawm cov koom haum tswj hwm thaum siv rau hauv cov kev txwv tshwj xeeb hauv kev siv khoom noj thiab tshuaj. Nws yog biodegradable thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom.
HPMC: Kuj suav tias muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev noj hauv cov kev txwv pom zoo. Nws yog biocompatible thiab siv dav hauv kev lag luam tshuaj ua tus neeg sawv cev tso tawm tswj thiab cov ntawv nplaum ntsiav tshuaj.
7. Tus nqi thiab muaj:
CMC: Feem ntau pheej yig dua li HPMC. Nws yooj yim nrhiav tau los ntawm ntau tus neeg muag khoom thoob plaws ntiaj teb.
HPMC: Kim dua me ntsis vim nws cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab qee zaum muaj kev txwv los ntawm qee tus neeg muag khoom.
8. Kev cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig:
CMC: Biodegradable, muab los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab (cellulose). Nws suav tias yog tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig.
HPMC: Kuj tseem biodegradable thiab muab los ntawm cellulose, yog li kuj zoo rau ib puag ncig.
Ob leeg CMC thiab HPMC muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntau yam lag luam. Kev xaiv ntawm lawv nyob ntawm cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb xws li kev yaj, viscosity, kev ruaj khov thiab kev txiav txim siab txog tus nqi. Feem ntau, CMC yuav raug nyiam vim nws tus nqi qis dua, pH ruaj khov dua, thiab kev haum rau cov khoom noj thiab cov khoom siv pleev kom zoo nkauj. HPMC, ntawm qhov tod tes, yuav raug nyiam vim nws cov viscosity siab dua, cov khoom ua yeeb yaj kiab zoo dua, thiab cov ntawv thov hauv cov tshuaj thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho. Thaum kawg, kev xaiv yuav tsum yog raws li kev txiav txim siab tag nrho ntawm cov yam no thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog kev siv.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ob Hlis-21-2024