Cov tshuaj mortar qhuav feem ntau muaj ntau yam khoom siv ntxiv los txhim kho nws txoj kev ua haujlwm, kev nplaum, kev ruaj khov, thiab ua tau raws li ntau yam kev xav tau ntawm kev siv. Cov khoom ntxiv no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuaj mortar, tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho nws txoj kev ua tau zoo xwb tab sis kuj ua rau nws siv tau dav dua hauv cov haujlwm tsim kho. Cov hauv qab no yog cov lus piav qhia luv luv ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv rau cov tshuaj mortar qhuav thiab lawv cov haujlwm.
1. Cellulose ethers (xws li HPMC thiab MHEC)
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)thiabmethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC)yog cov neeg sawv cev uas khaws dej thiab cov khoom ua kom tuab uas siv ntau tshaj plaws, muab cov khoom ua kom tuab zoo heev, khaws dej, thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov dej poob qeeb, ua rau lub sijhawm qhib ntawm cov mortar ntev dua, thiab txhim kho lubricity rau kev siv du dua. Cellulose ethers kuj tseem txhim kho cov mortar tiv thaiv kev sagging thiab tawg, ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov xws li cov nplaum pobzeb, plaster mortars, thiab cov self-leveling mortars.
2. Hmoov Polymer uas yaj tau dua (RDP)
RDPyog ib qho hmoov ntxiv uas tawg ua ib zaj duab xis polymer. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog los txhim kho qhov kev nplaum, kev ywj pheej, kev tawg tsis kam, thiab kev tiv thaiv dej ntawm cov mortar. Nws rov tawg ua ib qho emulsion hauv dej, tsim cov qauv organic-inorganic composite nrog cement, txhim kho qhov kev tiv thaiv huab cua thiab lub zog kho tshuab ntawm cov mortar. RDP feem ntau siv rau hauv cov nplaum pobzeb, cov mortars tsis muaj dej, thiab cov nplaum rwb thaiv tsev phab ntsa sab nraud.
3. Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer
Cov tshuaj polycarboxylate superplasticizers yog cov tshuaj txo dej zoo heev uas feem ntau siv rau hauv cov mortars qhuav niaj hnub no, feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov mortars uas nws tus kheej thiab cov mortars plastering uas ntws tau zoo. Lawv cov txiaj ntsig suav nrog kev txhim kho cov mortar ntws tau zoo, txo kev siv dej, thiab ua kom muaj zog thiab ruaj khov. Piv rau cov tshuaj naphthalene-based superplasticizers ib txwm muaj, cov tshuaj polycarboxylate superplasticizers zoo dua rau ib puag ncig thiab tsim nyog rau kev siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho ntsuab.
4. Cov Tshuaj Ua Npuas Ncauj thiab Cov Tshuaj Uas Pab Kom Pa Tawm
Cov tshuaj ua npuas dej no ua rau cov npuas dej uas tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm sib tov cov pob zeb ua ke zoo heev, tiv thaiv cov teeb meem xws li qhov khoob thiab tawg, thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw. Cov tshuaj uas ua rau huab cua nkag mus rau hauv cov pob zeb ua ke muaj qhov cuam tshuam txawv: lawv ua rau cov npuas dej me me sib npaug los txhim kho qhov khaws dej ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke, tiv taus te, thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Lawv tuaj yeem siv cais lossis ua ke, nyob ntawm seb cov khoom xav tau.
5. Cov Tshuaj Ua Kom Tuab Thiab Cov Tshuaj Khaws Dej (Tsis Yog Cellulose)
Ntxiv rau cov cellulose ethers, lwm cov polymers ntuj lossis hluavtaws, xws li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers, guar gum, thiab polyvinyl cawv, kuj siv ntau. Cov tshuaj ntxiv no tuaj yeem pab txhim kho qhov viscosity ntawm mortar thiab kev khaws cia dej thiab feem ntau yog ua ke nrog HPMC kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.
6. Tshuaj Retarder thiab Tshuaj Hardening Accelerator
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua rau cov pob zeb mortar ua haujlwm tau ntev dua thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawv ua ntej lub sijhawm kub. Lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv cov haujlwm tsim kho loj. Cov tshuaj ua kom tawv ua ntej, ntawm qhov tod tes, ua kom cov pob zeb mortar tawv sai dua thaum kub tsawg lossis thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, txhim kho lub zog thaum ntxov thiab ua kom cov haujlwm nce qib sai dua.
7. Tshuaj tiv thaiv kev khov
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev khov yog siv rau hauv cov chaw tsim kho lub caij ntuj no kom tiv thaiv cov mortar kom tsis txhob khov thiab ua tsis tiav ntawm qhov kub qis, tswj kom muaj dej noo thiab lo rau ib txwm muaj.
8. Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Dej thiab Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Dej
Siv los txhim kho qhov tsis kam ntawm cov mortar thiab txo qhov alkali rov qab thiab pwm los ntawm dej nkag mus. Lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv cov mortar phab ntsa sab nraud, cov mortar dej tsis nkag, thiab hauv cov chaw ntub dej xws li chav dej thiab chav ua noj.
9. Lwm Cov Khoom Siv Ntxiv
Cov no suav nrog cov fibers tiv thaiv kev tawg (xws li polypropylene fibers), cov khoom siv txhim kho kev sib txuas, cov khoom sau (xws li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke), cov neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv kev plam, thiab cov xim hloov kho. Cov khoom ntxiv no tuaj yeem xaiv tau yooj yim thiab sib piv raws li daim ntawv thov mortar tshwj xeeb (xws li mortar kho, mortar kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab mortar system rwb thaiv tsev).
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj mortar qhuavnyob ntawm seb cov tshuaj ntxiv uas xaiv puas sib xyaws ua ke thiab sib piv li cas. Cov tshuaj mortar sib txawv, xws li cov nplaum rau pobzeb, cov tshuaj mortar uas nws tus kheej siv tau, cov tshuaj plasters rau phab ntsa sab nraud, thiab cov tshuaj mortar uas tsis ntub dej, xav tau cov tshuaj ntxiv sib txawv. Kev xaiv thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov hom tshuaj ntxiv thiab cov koob tshuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom ruaj khov thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj mortar qhuav.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Xya Hli-31-2025