ʻO ka Cellulose ether kahi polymer synthetic i hana ʻia me ka cellulose kūlohelohe ma ke ʻano he mea maka ma o ka hoʻololi kemika. ʻO ka Cellulose ether kahi derivative o ka cellulose kūlohelohe, ʻokoʻa ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose ether a me ka polymer synthetic, ʻo kāna mea kumu nui loa he cellulose, nā hui polymer kūlohelohe. Ma muli o ke ʻano kūikawā o ke ʻano cellulose kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe hiki o ka cellulose ponoʻī ke hana me ka mea etherifying. Akā ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka mea pehu, ua luku ʻia nā pilina hydrogen ikaika ma waena o nā kaulahao molekala a me nā kaulahao, a ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hana o ka hui hydroxyl i loko o ka cellulose alkali me ka hiki ke hana, a ua loaʻa ka cellulose ether ma o ka hana ʻana o ka mea etherifying - hui OH i loko o ka hui - OR.
Aia nā waiwai o nā ethers cellulose i ke ʻano, ka helu a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā substituents. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka cellulose ether ma ke ʻano o nā substituents, ke kekelē o ka etherification, ka solubility a me ka noi pili e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia. Wahi a ke ʻano o nā substituents ma ke kaulahao molekala, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka ether hoʻokahi a me ka ether hui ʻia. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo MC ma ke ʻano he ether hoʻokahi, ʻoiai ʻo HPmc he ether hui ʻia. ʻO ka Methyl cellulose ether MC kahi ʻāpana glucose cellulose kūlohelohe ma luna o ka hydroxyl i pani ʻia methoxide e ka formula hoʻonohonoho huahana [CO H7O2 (OH) 3-H (OCH3) H] X, ʻo ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether HPmc kahi ʻāpana ma luna o ka hydroxyl he ʻāpana o ka methoxide i pani ʻia, ʻo kekahi ʻāpana o ka huahana hydroxypropyl i pani ʻia, ʻO ke ʻano hoʻonohonoho ʻo [C6H7O2 (OH) 3-MN (OCH3) M [OCH2CH (OH) CH3] N] X a me ka hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether HEmc, kahi i hoʻohana nui ʻia a kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke.
Mai ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke ʻano ionic a me ke ʻano non-ionic. ʻO ka cellulose ether non-ionic wai-hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ʻelua mau ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Ionic Cmc i ka detergent synthetic, textile, paʻi, meaʻai a me ka petroleum. ʻO ka Non-ionic MC, HPmc, HEmc a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea kūkulu hale, nā uhi latex, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kemika o kēlā me kēia lā a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomānoanoa, mea paʻa wai, mea hoʻopaʻa, mea hoʻolaha, mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
Ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai cellulose ether
I ka hana ʻana o nā mea hale, ʻoi aku ka palaki maloʻo, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka cellulose ether, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hana ʻana o ka palaki kūikawā (palaki i hoʻololi ʻia), he ʻāpana pono ʻole ia.
ʻO ke kuleana koʻikoʻi o ka cellulose ether wai-hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka mortar he ʻekolu mau ʻano nui, ʻo kekahi ka hiki ke mālama wai maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka lua ka mana o ke kūlike o ka mortar a me ka thixotropy, a ʻo ke kolu ka launa pū ʻana me ka sima.
ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka cellulose ether, e pili ana i ke kumu o ka hydroscopicity, ka haku mele ʻana o ka mortar, ka mānoanoa o ka papa mortar, ke koi wai mortar, ka manawa hoʻohuihui mea condensation. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka cellulose ether mai ka solubility a me ka dehydration o ka cellulose ether ponoʻī. Ua ʻike maopopo ʻia ʻo nā kaulahao molekala cellulose, ʻoiai he nui nā hui OH hydrated kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai ma muli o ko lākou ʻano crystalline kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole lawa ka hiki ke hydration o nā hui hydroxyl wale nō e uku no nā pilina hydrogen intermolecular ikaika a me nā ikaika van der Waals. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia nā substituents i loko o ke kaulahao molekala, ʻaʻole wale nā substituents e luku i ke kaulahao hydrogen, akā ua haki pū nā pilina hydrogen interchain ma muli o ka wedging o nā substituents ma waena o nā kaulahao pili. ʻO ka nui o nā substituents, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mamao ma waena o nā molekala. ʻO ka nui o ka luku ʻana o ka hopena o ka pilina hydrogen, ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka cellulose lattice, lilo ka hopena i loko o ka cellulose ether i mea hoʻoheheʻe wai, ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka hopena viscosity kiʻekiʻe. Ke piʻi ka mahana, emi ka hydration o ka polymer a ua kipaku ʻia ka wai ma waena o nā kaulahao. Ke lawa ka hopena maloʻo, hoʻomaka nā molekala e hōʻuluʻulu a pelu ka gel i loko o kahi pūnaewele ʻekolu-dimensional. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar e komo pū me ka cellulose ether viscosity, ka dosage, ka fineness o nā ʻāpana a me ka mahana lawelawe.
ʻO ka nui o ka viscosity o ka cellulose ether, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana paʻa wai, ka viscosity o ka hopena polymer. Hoʻoholo ʻia ke kaumaha molekala (kekelē o ka polymerization) o ka polymer e ka lōʻihi a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano molekala o ke kaulahao, a ʻo ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka helu o nā substituents e pili pololei ana i ka pae viscosity. [eta] = Km alpha
ʻO ka mānoanoa kūloko o nā hopena polymer
Kaumaha molekala polymer M
α polymer hiʻohiʻona paʻa
Ka helu hoʻonā mānoanoa K
ʻO ka viscosity o ka hopena polymer e pili ana i ke kaumaha molekala o ka polymer. ʻO ka viscosity a me ka nui o nā hopena cellulose ether e pili ana i nā noi like ʻole. No laila, he nui nā kikoʻī viscosity like ʻole o kēlā me kēia cellulose ether, ʻo ka hoʻoponopono viscosity kekahi ma o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o ka alkali cellulose, ʻo ia hoʻi ka haki ʻana o ke kaulahao molekala cellulose.
No ka nui o nā ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai. ʻO nā ʻāpana nui o ka cellulose ether e pili ana me ka wai, hoʻoheheʻe koke ka ʻili a hana i kahi gel e kāʻei i ka mea e pale ai i nā mole wai mai ka hoʻomau ʻana i ke komo ʻana, i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopuehu like ʻia ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hoʻokumu ana i kahi hopena flocculent muddy a i ʻole agglomerate. ʻO ka solubility o ka cellulose ether kekahi o nā kumu e koho ai i ka cellulose ether.
Ka mānoanoa a me ka thixotropy o ka cellulose ether
ʻO ka hopena ʻelua o ka cellulose ether - pili ka mānoanoa i: ke kekelē polymerization cellulose ether, ka nui o ka hopena, ka wikiwiki o ka shear, ka mahana a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka waiwai gelation o ka hopena he mea kū hoʻokahi ia i ka alkyl cellulose a me kāna mau derivatives i hoʻololi ʻia. Pili nā ʻano Gelation i ke kekelē o ka pani ʻana, ka nui o ka hopena a me nā mea hoʻohui. No nā derivatives hydroxyl alkyl i hoʻololi ʻia, pili pū nā waiwai gel i ke kekelē o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hydroxyl alkyl. No ka nui o ka hopena o ka MC viscosity haʻahaʻa a me HPmc hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia he 10%-15% ka hopena nui, hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia he MC viscosity waena a me HPmc he 5%-10% ka hopena a hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia he MC viscosity kiʻekiʻe a me HPmc he 2%-3% ka hopena, a ʻo ka maʻamau ka viscosity o ka cellulose ether ua helu ʻia hoʻi e ka hopena 1%-2%. ʻO ka pono o ka cellulose ether thickener kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia ka nui like o ka hopena, ʻokoʻa ka viscosity o nā polymers kaumaha molekala like ʻole, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka viscosity a me ke kaumaha molekala penei, [η]=2.92 × 10-2 (DPn) 0.905, ʻo DPn ke kiʻekiʻe polymerization awelika o ke kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohui hou aku ka cellulose ether kaumaha molekala haʻahaʻa e hoʻokō i ka viscosity pahuhopu. ʻAʻole hilinaʻi nui kona viscosity i ka shear rate, ʻo ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokō i ka viscosity pahuhopu, ʻo ka nui e pono ai e hoʻohui i ka liʻiliʻi, pili ka viscosity i ka pono o ka thickening. No laila, no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi kūlike, pono e hōʻoia ʻia kahi nui o ka cellulose ether (ka nui o ka hopena) a me ka viscosity hopena. Ua emi linearly ka mahana gelation o ka hopena me ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka hopena, a ua hana ʻia ka gelation ma ka mahana o ka lumi ma hope o ka hiki ʻana i kahi nui. Loaʻa iā HPmc kahi nui o ka gelation ma ka mahana o ka lumi.
Hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ke kūlike ma ke koho ʻana i ka nui o ka ʻāpana a me nā ethers cellulose me nā kekelē like ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka hui hydroxyl alkyl i kahi kekelē o ka pani ʻana ma ke ʻano iwi o MC. Ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā waiwai pani pili o nā mea pani ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā waiwai pani pili DS a me MS o nā hui methoxy a me hydroxyl. Pono nā ʻano waiwai like ʻole o ka cellulose ether ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā waiwai pani pili o ʻelua ʻano o nā mea pani.
ka pilina ma waena o ke kūlike a me ka hoʻololi ʻana. Ma ke Kiʻi 5, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka cellulose ether e hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai o ka mortar a hoʻololi i ka lakio wai-mea hoʻopaʻa o ka wai a me ka sima, ʻo ia ka hopena mānoanoa. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka dosage, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai.
Pono nā ethers cellulose i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea kūkulu pauka e hoʻoheheʻe koke i ka wai anuanu a hāʻawi i ka ʻōnaehana me ke kūlike kūpono. Inā he flocculent a colloidal nō ka nui o ke kuʻi ʻana, he huahana haʻahaʻa a maikaʻi ʻole paha ia.
Aia kekahi pilina linear maikaʻi ma waena o ke kūlike o ka slurry sima a me ka nui o ka cellulose ether, hiki i ka cellulose ether ke hoʻonui nui i ka viscosity o ka mortar, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena.
ʻO ka wai hoʻonā wai o ka cellulose ether me ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe he thixotropy kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano o ka cellulose ether. ʻO nā wai hoʻonā o nā polymers ʻano Mc he pseudoplastic, non-thixotropic fluidity ma lalo o ko lākou mahana gel, akā ʻo nā waiwai kahe Newtonian ma nā wikiwiki shear haʻahaʻa. Hoʻonui ka Pseudoplasticity me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kaumaha molekala a i ʻole ka nui o ka cellulose ether a kūʻokoʻa ia i ke ʻano a me ke kekelē substituent. No laila, hōʻike mau nā cellulose ethers o ka papa viscosity like, inā ʻo MC, HPmc a i ʻole HEmc, i nā waiwai rheological like inā mau ka nui a me ka mahana. Ke piʻi ka mahana, hoʻokumu ʻia ka gel structural a loaʻa ke kahe thixotropic kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike nā cellulose ethers me ka nui kiʻekiʻe a me ka viscosity haʻahaʻa i ka thixotropy ma lalo o ka mahana gel. He pōmaikaʻi nui kēia waiwai i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mortar hale e hoʻoponopono i kona kahe a me ke kahe kau ʻana. Pono e wehewehe ʻia ma ʻaneʻi ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity o ka cellulose ether, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, akā ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kaumaha molekala pili o ka cellulose ether, ʻo ka emi ʻana o kona solubility, kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka noʻonoʻo mortar a me ka hana kūkulu. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena mānoanoa o ka mortar, akā ʻaʻole ia he pilina kūlike piha. ʻO kekahi viscosity haʻahaʻa, akā ʻo ka cellulose ether i hoʻololi ʻia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika kūkulu o ka mortar pulu he hana maikaʻi loa ia, me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka viscosity, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka cellulose ether.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Malaki-30-2022