Ni ubuhe buryo bwa selile mu gucukura ibyondo

Cellulose, karubone nziza iboneka mu rukuta rw'utugingo ngengabuzima, igira uruhare runini mu nganda zitandukanye, harimo na peteroli na gaze. Mu gucukura ibyondo, selile ikora intego nyinshi bitewe nimiterere yihariye n'ibiranga.

Gucukura ibyondo, bizwi kandi nk'amazi yo gucukura, ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gikorwa cyo gucukura amariba ya peteroli na gaze. Ikora imirimo myinshi yingenzi, harimo gukonjesha no gusiga amavuta bito, gutwara ibiti hejuru yubutaka, kubungabunga umutekano wamazi, no kwirinda kwangirika. Kugirango usohoze iyo mirimo neza, gucukura ibyondo bigomba kuba bifite ibintu bimwe na bimwe nko kwijimye, kugenzura igihombo cyamazi, guhagarika ibinini, no guhuza nibihe byo hasi.

Celluloseisanzwe ikoreshwa mugucukura ibyondo nkibyongeweho byambere kubera imiterere idasanzwe ya rheologiya kandi ihindagurika. Imwe mumikorere yingenzi ya selile mu gucukura ibyondo ni ugutanga ubwiza no kugenzura imiterere. Viscosity ni igipimo cyo kurwanya amazi gutemba, kandi ni ngombwa mugukomeza ibintu byifuzwa byo gucukura ibyondo. Mugushyiramo selile, ubwiza bwibyondo burashobora guhinduka kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa byihariye mubikorwa byo gucukura. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mugucunga igipimo cyo kwinjira, kurinda gutakaza amazi mumiterere, no gutwara ibice byimyitozo hejuru.

selile ikora nka viscosifier hamwe na agent igenzura igihombo icyarimwe. Nka viscosifier, ifasha guhagarika no gutwara ibice by'imyitozo hejuru, bikabuza gutura no kwirundanyiriza munsi yiziba. Ibi bituma ibikorwa byo gucukura bikora neza kandi bikagabanya ibyago byo gufata imiyoboro. Byongeye kandi, selile ikora cake yoroheje, idashobora kwungururwa mugikuta cyuriba, ifasha kugenzura igihombo cyamazi. Ibi nibyingenzi mukubungabunga umutekano mwiza no gukumira ibyangiritse biterwa no gutera amazi.

Usibye imiterere yo kugenzura igihombo cya rheologiya na fluid, selile nayo itanga inyungu zibidukikije mugucukura ibyondo. Bitandukanye ninyongeramusaruro, selile irashobora kubora kandi ikangiza ibidukikije, bigatuma ihitamo kubikorwa byo gucukura ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije. Ibinyabuzima byangiza ibinyabuzima byemeza ko bisenyuka bisanzwe mugihe, bikagabanya ingaruka zibidukikije kubikorwa byo gucukura.

Cellulose irashobora kwinjizwa mu gucukura ibyondo muburyo butandukanye, harimo ifu ya selile, ifu ya selile, nibikomoka kuri selile nkacarboxymethyl selulose (CMC)nahydroxyethyl selulose (HEC). Buri fomu itanga inyungu nibikorwa bitewe nibisabwa mubikorwa byo gucukura.

Ifu ya selile isanzwe ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byambere bya viscosifier na agent igenzura igihombo cyamazi muri sisitemu y’ibyondo. Irashobora gukwirakwira mumazi kandi ikagaragaza ibintu byiza byo guhagarikwa, bigatuma biba byiza gutwara ibice byimyitozo hejuru.

Ku rundi ruhande, fibre ya selile, ni ndende kandi ifite fibrous kuruta selile ya puderi. Bikunze gukoreshwa muri sisitemu iremereye cyane, aho bisabwa amazi menshi yo gucukura kugirango agenzure imikazo. Fibre ya selile ifasha kuzamura uburinganire bwimiterere yicyondo, kunoza imikorere yisuku, no kugabanya umuriro no gukurura mugihe cyo gucukura.

Inkomoko ya selile nkaCMCnaHECni uburyo bwahinduwe bwa selile ya selile itanga imikorere yimikorere myiza. Bakunze gukoreshwa muburyo bwihariye bwo gucukura ibyondo aho ibisabwa byihariye bigomba kubahirizwa. Kurugero, CMC ikoreshwa cyane nka inhibitori ya shale hamwe nigikorwa cyo kugenzura igihombo cyamazi muri sisitemu y’ibyondo ishingiye ku mazi, mu gihe HEC ikoreshwa nkumuhinduzi wa rheologiya hamwe nuwashinzwe kugenzura akayunguruzo muri sisitemu y’ibyondo ishingiye kuri peteroli.

selile igira uruhare runini mugucukura ibyondo kubera imiterere yihariye kandi itandukanye. Kuva mugutanga ibishishwa no kugenzura imvugo kugeza kunoza igihombo cyamazi no kubungabunga ibidukikije, selile itanga inyungu nyinshi mubikorwa byo gucukura. Mu gihe inganda za peteroli na gazi zikomeje gutera imbere, biteganijwe ko hakenerwa ibisubizo by’ibyondo byo gucukura neza kandi bitangiza ibidukikije byiyongera, bikagaragaza akamaro ka selile nk'inyongeramusaruro ikomeye mu gucukura amazi.