Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)ni amazi ya elegitoronike ya polymer ikoreshwa cyane mubwubatsi, ubuvuzi, ibiribwa ninganda. Nibintu bitari ionic selulose ether yabonetse muguhindura imiti ya selile karemano, hamwe no kubyimba neza, emulisile, gutuza no gukora firime. Nyamara, mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, HPMC izahura nubushyuhe bwumuriro, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumutekano no mumikorere mubikorwa bifatika.
Uburyo bwo gutakaza ubushyuhe bwa HPMC
Kwangirika k'ubushyuhe bwa HPMC bikubiyemo ahanini impinduka z'umubiri n'imihindagurikire ya shimi. Imihindagurikire yumubiri igaragarira cyane cyane nko guhumeka kwamazi, guhinduranya ibirahuri no kugabanya ubukonje, mugihe ihinduka ryimiti ririmo gusenya imiterere ya molekile, gukora mumatsinda ikora hamwe nuburyo bwa nyuma bwa karubone.
1. Ubushyuhe buke (100–200 ° C): guhumeka amazi no kubora kwambere
Mugihe cy'ubushyuhe buke (hafi 100 ° C), HPMC ihura cyane no guhumeka amazi no guhinduranya ibirahure. Kubera ko HPMC irimo amazi runaka aboshye, aya mazi azagenda buhoro buhoro mugihe cyo gushyushya, bityo bikagira ingaruka kumiterere yabyo. Mubyongeyeho, ubwiza bwa HPMC nabwo buzagabanuka hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe. Impinduka muriki cyiciro ni impinduka cyane mumiterere yumubiri, mugihe imiterere yimiti ikomeza kuba idahindutse.
Iyo ubushyuhe bukomeje kwiyongera kugera kuri 150-200 ° C, HPMC itangira guhura n’imiti yabanjirije iyangirika. Igaragarira cyane cyane mugukuraho hydroxypropyl hamwe na imikorere ya mikorobe ikora, bigatuma igabanuka ryibiro bya molekile nimpinduka zimiterere. Kuri iki cyiciro, HPMC irashobora gutanga umusaruro muke wa molekile ntoya ihindagurika, nka methanol na propionaldehyde.
2. Ubushyuhe bwo hagati (200-300 ° C): kwangirika kwuruhererekane no kubyara molekile nto
Iyo ubushyuhe bwiyongereye kuri 200-300 ° C, igipimo cyo kubora cya HPMC cyihuta cyane. Uburyo nyamukuru bwo gutesha agaciro harimo:
Ivunika rya Ether: Urunigi nyamukuru rwa HPMC ruhujwe ningingo ya glucose impeta, kandi imigozi ya ether muri yo igenda icika buhoro buhoro munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma urunigi rwa polymer rwangirika.
Umwuma wo kubura umwuma: Imiterere yisukari ya HPMC irashobora kugira umwuma muke kubushyuhe bwo hejuru kugirango habeho intera idahindagurika, nayo ikangirika mubicuruzwa bihindagurika.
Isohora rya molekile ntoya: Muri iki cyiciro, HPMC irekura CO, CO₂, H₂O hamwe n’ibinyabuzima bito bya molekile, nka formaldehyde, acetaldehyde na acrolein.
Izi mpinduka zizatuma uburemere bwa molekuline ya HPMC bugabanuka cyane, ububobere bugabanuka cyane, kandi ibikoresho bizatangira guhinduka umuhondo ndetse bitange kokiya.
3. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (300-500 ° C): karubone na kokiya
Iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse hejuru ya 300 ° C, HPMC yinjira murwego rwo kwangirika gukabije. Muri iki gihe, gukomeza gusenyuka k'urunigi nyamukuru no guhindagurika kw'ibintu bito bya molekile biganisha ku gusenya burundu imiterere y'ibikoresho, hanyuma amaherezo bigasigara ibisigazwa bya karubone (kokiya). Ibisubizo bikurikira bikurikira cyane cyane muriki cyiciro:
Kwangirika kwa Oxidative: Ku bushyuhe bwinshi, HPMC ihura na okiside kugirango itange CO₂ na CO, kandi icyarimwe ikora ibisigazwa bya karubone.
Imyitwarire ya kokiya: Igice cyimiterere ya polymer gihindurwamo ibicuruzwa bitwikwa bituzuye, nkibisigazwa bya karubone cyangwa ibisigazwa bya kokiya.
Ibicuruzwa bihindagurika: Komeza kurekura hydrocarbone nka Ethylene, propylene, na metani.
Iyo ashyutswe mu kirere, HPMC irashobora gukomeza gutwikwa, mugihe gushyuha mugihe habuze ogisijeni ikora ibisigazwa bya karubone.
Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumyuka ya HPMC
Kwangirika k'ubushyuhe bwa HPMC bigira ingaruka ku bintu byinshi, harimo:
Imiterere yimiti: Urwego rwo gusimbuza hydroxypropyl hamwe na matsinda ya mikorobe muri HPMC bigira ingaruka kumyuka yubushyuhe. Muri rusange, HPMC ifite hydroxypropyl ihanitse ifite ubushyuhe bwiza.
Ikirere kidukikije: Mu kirere, HPMC ikunda kwangirika kwa okiside, mu gihe mu kirere cya gaze inert (nka azote), umuvuduko w’ubushyuhe bwawo uratinda.
Igipimo cy'ubushyuhe: Gushyushya byihuse bizatuma byangirika vuba, mugihe ubushyuhe buke bushobora gufasha HPMC buhoro buhoro karubone no kugabanya umusaruro wibicuruzwa bihindagurika.
Ibirungo: HPMC irimo umubare munini wamazi aboshye. Mugihe cyo gushyushya, guhumeka neza bizagira ingaruka kubushyuhe bwikirahure no kugabanuka.
Ingaruka zifatika zo gutakaza ubushyuhe bwa HPMC
Ibiranga ubushyuhe bwa HPMC bifite akamaro kanini mubikorwa byayo. Urugero:
Inganda zubaka: HPMC ikoreshwa mubutaka bwa sima na gypsumu, kandi ituze ryayo mugihe cyubushyuhe bwo hejuru igomba gutekerezwa kugirango hirindwe kwangirika bigira ingaruka kumikorere.
Inganda zikoreshwa mu bya farumasi: HPMC ni imiti igenzura ibiyobyabwenge, kandi igomba kwirinda kubora mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kugira ngo ibiyobyabwenge bihamye.
Inganda zibiribwa: HPMC niyongera ibiryo, kandi ibiranga iyangirika ryumuriro bigena akamaro kayo muguteka no gutunganya ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Igabanuka ryubushyuhe bwaHPMCIrashobora kugabanywa no guhumeka kwamazi no kwangirika kwambere murwego rwo hasi yubushyuhe buke, urunigi nyamukuru hamwe no guhindagurika kwa molekile ntoya mugihe cyubushyuhe bwo hagati, hamwe na karubone hamwe na kokiya murwego rwo hejuru. Ubushyuhe bwumuriro bwabwo bugira ingaruka kumiterere nkimiterere yimiti, ikirere cy ibidukikije, igipimo cyubushyuhe hamwe nubushuhe. Gusobanukirwa nuburyo bwo gutakaza ubushyuhe bwa HPMC ningirakamaro cyane mugutezimbere imikoreshereze no kunoza ibintu bihamye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-28-2025