Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ni ionic water-soluble polymer compound yabonetse muguhindura imiti ya selile naturel. Ikoreshwa cyane mubiribwa, ubuvuzi, kwisiga no mu nganda zubaka, cyane cyane nk'ibiti bifata, byongera umubyimba, emulisiferi kandi bigahagarika imiti mu gutegura imiti. Mubikorwa byo gusaba, ibiranga ubwiza bwibisubizo byamazi ya HPMC nibyingenzi mubikorwa byayo mubice bitandukanye.
1. Imiterere nimiterere ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Imiterere ya molekulire ya HPMC irimo amatsinda abiri asimbura, hydroxypropyl (-CH₂ITORERO₃) na methyl (-OCH)₃), bigatuma igira amazi meza yo gukemura no guhindura ubushobozi. Urunigi rwa HPMC rufite urwego runaka rukomeye, ariko rushobora no gukora imiterere-yimiyoboro itatu-yumurongo wibisubizo byamazi, bikaviramo kwiyongera kwijimye. Uburemere bwacyo bwa molekuline, ubwoko bwinsimburangingo nintera yo gusimburwa (urugero, urugero rwa hydroxypropyl na methyl yo gusimbuza buri gice) bigira uruhare runini mubwiza bwumuti.
2. Ibiranga Viscosity biranga igisubizo cyamazi
Ibiranga ubwiza bwibisubizo byamazi ya HPMC bifitanye isano rya bugufi nibintu nko kwibanda, uburemere bwa molekile, ubushyuhe nagaciro ka pH yumuti. Mubisanzwe, ubwiza bwibisubizo byamazi ya HPMC byiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwinshi. Ubukonje bwabwo bwerekana imyitwarire ya rheologiya itari Newtonian, ni ukuvuga, uko igipimo cyogosha cyiyongera, ubwiza bwumuti buragabanuka buhoro buhoro, byerekana ibintu byogosha.
(1) Ingaruka zo kwibanda
Hariho isano runaka hagati yubukonje bwamazi ya HPMC hamwe nibitekerezo byayo. Mugihe kwibumbira hamwe kwa HPMC kwiyongera, imikoranire ya molekuline mugisubizo cyamazi iragenda yiyongera, kandi guhuza no guhuza iminyururu ya molekile byiyongera, bigatuma ubwiyongere bwibisubizo byumuti. Mugihe cyo hasi cyane, ubwiza bwumuti wamazi wa HPMC bwiyongera kumurongo hamwe no kwiyongera kwinshi, ariko mugihe cyo hejuru cyane, ubwiyongere bwubwiza bwumuti bukunda kuba buringaniye kandi bugera kumurongo uhamye.
(2) Ingaruka yuburemere bwa molekile
Uburemere bwa molekuline ya HPMC bugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ubwiza bwumuti wamazi. HPMC ifite uburemere buke bwa molekile ifite urunigi rurerure kandi irashobora gukora urwego rugoye rwimiterere-itatu-yumurongo wurwego rwibisubizo byamazi, bikavamo ubwiza bwinshi. Ibinyuranye, HPMC ifite uburemere buke bwa molekuline ifite imiterere y'urusobekerane rworoshye kandi rwijimye cyane kubera iminyururu ngufi. Kubwibyo, iyo usabye, ni ngombwa cyane guhitamo HPMC hamwe nuburemere bukwiye bwa molekile kugirango ugere ku ngaruka nziza yo kwiyegeranya.
(3) Ingaruka yubushyuhe
Ubushyuhe nikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kumyuka yumuti wa HPMC. Mugihe ubushyuhe bwiyongera, kugenda kwa molekile zamazi biriyongera kandi ubwiza bwumuti buragabanuka. Ni ukubera ko iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse, ubwisanzure bwurunigi rwa HPMC bwiyongera kandi imikoranire hagati ya molekile ikagabanuka, bityo bikagabanya ubukana bwumuti. Nyamara, igisubizo cya HPMC kuva mubice bitandukanye cyangwa ibirango kubushyuhe nabyo birashobora gutandukana, bityo ubushyuhe bugomba guhinduka ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye bisabwa.
(4) Ingaruka zagaciro ka pH
HPMC ubwayo nikintu kitari ionic, kandi ubwiza bwumuti wacyo wamazi bwumva impinduka muri pH. Nubwo HPMC igaragaza ibimenyetso biranga ubukonje buhamye mubidukikije bya acide cyangwa bidafite aho bibogamiye, gukomera hamwe nubwiza bwa HPMC bizagira ingaruka mubidukikije bya acide cyangwa alkaline. Kurugero, mugihe acide ikomeye cyangwa alkaline ikomeye, molekile ya HPMC irashobora kwangirika igice, bityo bikagabanya ubukonje bwumuti wamazi.
3. Isesengura ryimiterere yibiranga ubwiza bwibisubizo byamazi ya HPMC
Imyitwarire ya rheologiya yumuti wamazi ya HPMC mubisanzwe yerekana ibintu bitarimo amazi ya Newtonian, bivuze ko ubukonje bwayo butajyanye gusa nibintu nko kwibanda kumuti hamwe nuburemere bwa molekile, ariko kandi nigipimo cyogosha. Muri rusange, ku gipimo gito cyogosha, igisubizo cyamazi ya HPMC cyerekana ububobere buke, mugihe uko igipimo cyogosha cyiyongera, ubwiza bugabanuka. Iyi myitwarire yitwa "shear thinning" cyangwa "shear thinning" kandi ni ingenzi cyane mubikorwa byinshi bifatika. Kurugero, mubijyanye no gutwikira, gutegura imiti, gutunganya ibiryo, nibindi, ibiranga kunanura ibyogosha biranga HPMC birashobora kwemeza ko ubukonje bwinshi bugumaho mugihe cyihuse, kandi birashobora gutemba byoroshye mugihe cyihuta cyihuta.
4. Ibindi bintu bigira ingaruka kumyuka yumuti wamazi wa HPMC
(1) Ingaruka z'umunyu
Kwiyongera kumuti wumunyu (nka sodium chloride) birashobora kongera ubwiza bwumuti wamazi wa HPMC. Ni ukubera ko umunyu ushobora kongera imikoranire hagati ya molekile uhindura imbaraga za ionic zumuti wigisubizo, kuburyo molekile ya HPMC ikora urwego rwimikorere rwurusobekerane, bityo bikongera ububobere. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, ingaruka zubwoko bwumunyu hamwe nubwitonzi bwijimye nabyo bigomba guhinduka ukurikije ibihe byihariye.
(2) Ingaruka z'inyongera
Ongeraho ibindi byongeweho (nka surfactants, polymers, nibindi) kubisubizo byamazi ya HPMC nabyo bizagira ingaruka kumyuka. Kurugero, surfactants irashobora kugabanya ubukonje bwa HPMC, cyane cyane iyo surfactant yibanze cyane. Mubyongeyeho, polymers cyangwa uduce tumwe na tumwe dushobora kandi gukorana na HPMC no guhindura imiterere ya rheologiya yumuti wabyo.
Ibiranga ubwiza bwahydroxypropyl methylcellulose igisubizo cyamazi cyibasiwe nibintu byinshi, birimo kwibanda, uburemere bwa molekile, ubushyuhe, agaciro ka pH, nibindi. Igisubizo cyamazi ya HPMC mubisanzwe kigaragaza imiterere ya rheologiya itari Newtonian, ifite umubyimba mwiza nogukata, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda n’imiti. Gusobanukirwa no kumenya neza ibiranga viscosity bizafasha guhitamo gukoresha HPMC mubikorwa bitandukanye. Mubikorwa bifatika, ubwoko bwa HPMC nuburyo bukwiye bigomba gutoranywa ukurikije ibikenewe kugirango ubone ubwiza bwiza hamwe na rheologiya.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-01-2025