Cellulose ether nicyiciro cyingenzi cyimvange ya polymer, ikoreshwa cyane mubwubatsi, ubuvuzi, ibiryo nibindi bice. Muri byo, HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), MC (methylcellulose), HEC (hydroxyethyl selulose) na CMC (carboxymethyl selulose) ni eferi enye zisanzwe.
Methyl selulose (MC):
MC irashonga mumazi akonje kandi bigoye gushonga mumazi ashyushye. Igisubizo cyamazi gihamye cyane murwego rwa pH = 3 ~ 12, gifite ubwuzuzanye bwiza, kandi gishobora kuvangwa nubushakashatsi butandukanye nka krahisi na guar gum. Iyo ubushyuhe bugeze ku bushyuhe bwa gelation, gelation iba.
Kugumana amazi ya MC biterwa nubwinshi bwiyongereye, ubwiza, ubwiza bwikigereranyo nigipimo cyo gusesa. Mubisanzwe, igipimo cyo gufata amazi ni kinini iyo umubare wongeyeho ari munini, ibice ni byiza kandi ubwiza buri hejuru. Muri byo, umubare wongeyeho ufite ingaruka zikomeye ku kigero cyo gufata amazi, kandi urwego rwijimye ntiruhwanye n’igipimo cyo gufata amazi. Igipimo cyo guseswa biterwa ahanini nuburinganire bwo hejuru hamwe nuburinganire bwa selile.
Imihindagurikire yubushyuhe izagira ingaruka zikomeye kububiko bwa MC. Mubisanzwe, uko ubushyuhe buri hejuru, niko gufata amazi ari bibi. Niba ubushyuhe bwa minisiteri burenze 40 ° C, kugumana amazi ya MC bizagabanuka cyane, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumyubakire ya minisiteri.
MC igira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yubwubatsi no gufatira minisiteri. Hano, "adhesion" bivuga guhuza ibikoresho byubwubatsi bwumukozi hamwe nubutaka bwurukuta, ni ukuvuga ubukana bwa minisiteri. Uko gufatira hamwe, niko bigenda birwanya ubukana bwa minisiteri, niko imbaraga zisabwa numukozi mugihe cyo gukoresha, hamwe nubwubatsi bubi bwa minisiteri. Gufatanya kwa MC biri murwego rwo hagati mubicuruzwa bya selile.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC):
HPMC irashobora gushonga byoroshye mumazi, ariko birashobora kugorana gushonga mumazi ashyushye. Nyamara, ubushyuhe bwacyo bwo mumazi ashyushye burenze cyane ubwa MC, kandi gukomera kwayo mumazi akonje nabyo biruta ibya MC.
Ubukonje bwa HPMC bufitanye isano n'uburemere bwa molekile, kandi ubukonje buri hejuru iyo uburemere bwa molekile ari bunini. Ubushyuhe nabwo bugira ingaruka ku bwiza bwabwo, kandi ubukonje bugabanuka uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, ariko ubushyuhe bugabanuka bwabwo buri munsi ya MC. Igisubizo cyacyo gihamye mubushyuhe bwicyumba.
Kugumana amazi ya HPMC biterwa nubwinshi bwiyongereye hamwe nubukonje, nibindi. Igipimo cyo gufata amazi kumafaranga yiyongereyeho kiri hejuru ya MC.
HPMC ihamye kuri acide na alkalis, kandi igisubizo cyayo cyamazi kirahagaze neza murwego rwa pH rwa 2 ~ 12. Soda ya Caustic n'amazi ya lime ntacyo bihindura mubikorwa byayo, ariko alkali irashobora kwihutisha umuvuduko wacyo kandi ikongera ububobere. HPMC ihamye kumunyu rusange, ariko iyo ubunini bwumuti wumunyu mwinshi, ubwiza bwumuti wa HPMC bukunda kwiyongera.
HPMC irashobora kuvangwa namazi ya elegitoronike ya polymer kugirango ikore igisubizo kimwe, cyinshi cyijimye, nka alcool ya polyvinyl, ibinyamisogwe ether, amase yimboga, nibindi.
HPMC ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya enzyme kurusha MC, kandi igisubizo cyacyo ntigishobora kwanduzwa cyane na MC. HPMC ifatanye neza na minisiteri kuruta MC.
Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC):
HEC ibora mumazi akonje kandi bigoye gushonga mumazi ashyushye. Igisubizo gihamye mubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ntigifite imiterere ya gel. Irashobora gukoreshwa muri minisiteri igihe kinini mubushyuhe bwinshi, ariko kubika amazi biri munsi ya MC.
HEC ihamye kuri acide rusange na alkalis, alkali irashobora kwihutisha iseswa ryayo kandi ikongerera gato ubukonje, kandi ikwirakwizwa ryayo mumazi iri munsi gato ya MC na HPMC.
HEC ifite imikorere myiza yo guhagarikwa kuri minisiteri, ariko sima ifite igihe kinini cyo kudindiza.
HEC yakozwe ninganda zimwe na zimwe zo murugo zifite imikorere mike ugereranije na MC kubera amazi menshi hamwe nivu.
Carboxymethyl selulose (CMC):
CMC ni ionic selulose ether yateguwe nuruhererekane rwo kuvura reaction nyuma ya fibre naturel (nka pamba) ivuwe na alkali na acide chloroacetic ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bya etherifingi. Urwego rwo gusimbuza muri rusange ruri hagati ya 0.4 na 1.4, kandi imikorere yarwo igira ingaruka cyane kurwego rwo gusimburwa.
CMC ifite umubyimba mwinshi hamwe na emulisifike, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mubinyobwa birimo amavuta na proteyine kugirango bigire uruhare runini rwo guhagarika umutima.
CMC ifite ingaruka zo gufata amazi. Mu bicuruzwa byinyama, umutsima, imigati hamwe nibindi biribwa, birashobora kugira uruhare mugutezimbere ingirangingo, kandi birashobora gutuma amazi adahinduka, kongera umusaruro wibicuruzwa, no kongera uburyohe.
CMC ifite ingaruka nziza kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora jelly na jam.
CMC irashobora gukora firime hejuru yibyo kurya, igira ingaruka zimwe zo kurinda imbuto n'imboga kandi ikongerera igihe cyimbuto n'imbuto n'imboga.
Ethers ya selile buriwese afite imiterere yihariye hamwe nibisabwa. Guhitamo ibicuruzwa bikwiye bigomba kugenwa ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye nibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-29-2024