Gutunganya selile ikubiyemo uburyo butandukanye bwo kuyikuramo no kuyitunganya aho ikomoka, cyane cyane ibimera. Cellulose, polysaccharide, igize ibice bigize urukuta rw'utugingo ngengabuzima kandi ni polymer nyinshi cyane ku isi. Gutunganya ni ingenzi mu nganda kuva ku mpapuro no mu myenda kugeza ku biribwa na farumasi.
1. Gushakisha ibikoresho bibisi:
Cellulose ikomoka cyane cyane kubimera, hamwe nibiti na pamba nibyo soko ikunze kugaragara. Andi masoko arimo ikivuguto, flax, jute, na algae zimwe. Ibimera bitandukanye bifite selile zitandukanye, bigira ingaruka kumikorere yo kuyikuramo no kuyitunganya.
2. Kwitegura:
Mbere yo gukuramo selile, ibikoresho fatizo byitirirwa gukuraho ibice bitari selile nka lignin, hemicellulose, na pectine. Iyi ntambwe izamura imikorere yo gukuramo selile. Uburyo bwo kwirinda burimo gusya imashini, kuvura imiti (urugero, aside cyangwa hydrolysis ya alkali), hamwe nibinyabuzima (urugero, igogorwa ryimisemburo).
3. Gukuramo selile:
Bimaze gutegurwa, selile ikurwa mubintu byibimera. Uburyo bwinshi bukoreshwa kubwiyi ntego:
Uburyo bwa mashini: Uburyo bwa mashini burimo kumena umubiri mubihingwa kugirango urekure fibre selile. Ibi birashobora kubamo gusya, gusya, cyangwa gukanda.
Uburyo bwa chimique: Uburyo bwa chimique burimo kuvura ibikoresho byibimera hakoreshejwe imiti kugirango bishonge cyangwa bitesha agaciro ibice bitari selile, hasigara selile. Acide hydrolysis hamwe nubuvuzi bwa alkaline bukoreshwa muburyo bwa chimique.
Uburyo bwa Enzymatique: Uburyo bwa Enzymatique bukoresha imisemburo ya selile kugirango ugabanye selile mubisukari byayo. Iyi nzira irahitamo kandi yangiza ibidukikije ugereranije nuburyo bwa shimi.
4. Kwezwa no Kunonosorwa:
Iyo selile imaze gukururwa, isukurwa kandi ikanonosorwa kugirango ikureho umwanda kandi igere kubintu byifuzwa. Ibi birashobora kubamo gukaraba, kuyungurura, hamwe na centrifugation kugirango utandukane fibre ya selile na chimique isigaye cyangwa ibindi bice.
5. Gutegura no gutunganya:
Nyuma yo kwezwa, selile irashobora gutunganywa muburyo butandukanye bitewe nicyo igenewe. Impapuro zisanzwe zirimo:
Pulp: Cellulose pulp ikoreshwa mu mpapuro no mu makarito. Irashobora guhumeka kugirango igere ku nzego zitandukanye zumucyo.
Fibre: Fibre ya selile ikoreshwa mumyenda no mumyenda. Birashobora kuzunguruka mu budodo no kuboha imyenda.
Filime na Membrane: Cellulose irashobora gutunganyirizwa muma firime yoroheje cyangwa membrane ikoreshwa mugupakira, gukoresha biomedical medicine, no kuyungurura.
Ibikomoka ku miti: Cellulose irashobora guhindurwa muburyo bwa chimique kugirango ikore ibikomoka kumiterere yihariye. Ingero zirimo selile ya selile (ikoreshwa muri firime yifotozi n imyenda) na carboxymethyl selulose (ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byibiribwa na farumasi).
Nanocellulose: Nanocellulose bivuga fibre ya selile cyangwa kristu ifite ibipimo bya nanoscale. Ifite imiterere yihariye kandi ikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byateye imbere nka nanocomposite, ibikoresho biomedical medicine, na electronics.
6. Gusaba:
Cellulose itunganijwe isanga porogaramu nini mu nganda:
Impapuro no gupakira: Cellulose nigikoresho cyingenzi mugukora impapuro, ikarito, nibikoresho byo gupakira.
Imyenda: Ipamba, isoko ya selile, ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byimyenda yimyenda, imyenda yo murugo, nimyenda yinganda.
Ibiribwa na farumasi: Ibikomoka kuri selile bikoreshwa nkibibyimbye, stabilisateur, na emulisiferi mubicuruzwa byibiribwa no gufata imiti.
Gukoresha Biomedical Porogaramu: Ibikoresho bishingiye kuri selile bikoreshwa mukwambara ibikomere, scafolds yo gukora ingirabuzimafatizo, sisitemu yo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge, hamwe no gutera imiti.
Kuvugurura ibidukikije: Ibikoresho bishingiye kuri selile birashobora gukoreshwa mugukosora ibidukikije, nko gutunganya amazi no gusukura amavuta yamenetse.
Ingufu zisubirwamo: Biyomasi ya selile irashobora guhindurwamo ibicanwa nka Ethanol binyuze mubikorwa nka fermentation na hydrolysis enzymatique.
7. Ibidukikije:
Gutunganya selile bifite ingaruka ku bidukikije, cyane cyane bijyanye no gukoresha imiti ningufu. Harimo gushyirwaho ingufu mu guteza imbere uburyo burambye bwo gutunganya, nko gukoresha amasoko y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, kugabanya imikoreshereze y’imiti, no gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo gufunga amazi no gutunganya imiti.
8. Ibizaza:
Ibizaza mu gutunganya selile harimo iterambere ryibikoresho bigezweho bifite imiterere yongerewe imbaraga, nka plastiki ibora ibinyabuzima, imyenda yubwenge, na nanocomposite. Hariho kandi inyungu ziyongera mugukoresha selile nkibishobora kuvugururwa kandi birambye kubikoresho bishingiye ku myanda ikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.
gutunganya selile birimo urukurikirane rwintambwe, harimo gukuramo, kweza, no gukora, kugirango habeho ibicuruzwa bitandukanye hamwe ninganda zikoreshwa cyane. Imbaraga zo kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya no guteza imbere ibikoresho bishingiye kuri selile bigezweho bitera iterambere muri uru rwego, hibandwa ku buryo burambye ndetse n’inshingano z’ibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-25-2024