Ko te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he momo cellulose kore-ionic i konatunatua ki te ether. Kāore i rite ki te ionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose ionic i konatunatua ki te ether, kāore e tauhohe ki ngā konganuku taumaha. Nā te rerekētanga o ngā ōwehenga o te ihirangi methoxyl me te ihirangi hydroxypropyl i roto i te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me ngā matotoru rerekē, he maha ngā momo me ngā āhuatanga rerekē, hei tauira, he nui te ihirangi methoxyl me te iti o te ihirangi hydroxypropyl. He tata te mahi ki te methyl cellulose, engari ko te iti o te ihirangi methoxyl me te nui o te ihirangi hydroxypropyl he tata ki te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Heoi, i roto i ia momo, ahakoa he iti noa te nui o te rōpū hydroxypropyl, he iti rānei te nui o te rōpū methoxyl kei roto, he nui ngā rerekētanga o te wairewa i roto i ngā whakarewa waro, i te pāmahana flocculation rānei i roto i ngā otinga wai.
(1) Ngā āhuatanga wairewa o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
①Te wairewatanga o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i roto i te wai Ko te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he momo methylcellulose kua whakarerekētia e te propylene oxide (methoxypropylene), nō reira he rite tonu ōna āhuatanga ki te methyl cellulose. He rite ngā āhuatanga o te cellulose ki te wairewatanga o te wai matao me te wairewatanga o te wai wera. Heoi, nā te rōpū hydroxypropyl kua whakarerekētia, he nui ake te pāmahana o tōna wairewatanga i roto i te wai wera i te methyl cellulose. Hei tauira, ko te matotoru o te wairewatanga wai hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me te 2% te taumata whakakapinga ihirangi methoxy DS=0.73 me te ihirangi hydroxypropyl MS=0.46 he 500 mpa·s i te 20°C, ā, ko te pāmahana o tōna wairewatanga ka tata ki te 100°C, ko te methyl cellulose i te pāmahana kotahi he 55°C noa iho. Mō tōna wairewatanga i roto i te wai, kua tino pai ake hoki. Hei tauira, ka taea te hoko i te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kua paura (he āhua kirikiri 0.2~0.5mm i te 20°C me te matotoru o te wai 4% o te 2pa•s i te pāmahana rūma, he ngāwari ki te wairewa i roto i te wai me te kore e whakamatao.
②Te wairewatanga o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i roto i ngā whakarewa waro He pai ake te wairewatanga o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i roto i ngā whakarewa waro i tērā o te methylcellulose. Mō ngā hua i runga ake i te 2.1, ko te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose matotoru-teitei kei roto ko te hydroxypropyl MS=1.5~1.8 me te methoxy DS=0.2~1.0, me te taumata whakakapinga katoa i runga ake i te 1.8, ka wairewa i roto i ngā otinga methanol me te etanoru kore wai, ā, he kirihou wera me te wairewa-wai. Ka wairewa hoki i roto i ngā hauwaiwai chlorine pērā i te methylene chloride me te chloroform, me ngā whakarewa waro pērā i te acetone, te isopropanol me te waipiro diacetone. He pai ake tōna wairewatanga i roto i ngā whakarewa waro i te wairewatanga wai.
(2) Ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te matotoru o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Ko te whakatau matotoru paerewa o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he rite tonu ki ētahi atu cellulose ethers, ā, ka inehia i te 20°C me te 2% wairewa hei paerewa. Ka piki ake te matotoru o te hua kotahi me te pikinga o te kukū. Mō ngā hua he rerekē ngā taumaha ngota i te kukū kotahi, he nui ake te matotoru o te hua he nui ake te taumaha ngota. He rite tōna whanaungatanga ki te pāmahana ki te methyl cellulose. Ina piki te pāmahana, ka tīmata te heke o te matotoru, engari ina tae ki tētahi pāmahana, ka piki ohorere te matotoru ka puta te gelation. He teitei ake te pāmahana o te gel o ngā hua iti-makuku. He teitei. Kāore tōna ira gel e pā ana ki te matotoru o te ether anake, engari e pā ana hoki ki te ōwehenga hanganga o te rōpū methoxyl me te rōpū hydroxypropyl i roto i te ether me te rahi o te tohu whakakapinga katoa. Me mōhio he pseudoplastic hoki te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ā, he pumau tōna otinga i te pāmahana rūma me te kore he hekenga o te matotoru engari ko te āheinga o te hekenga whākōkī.
(3) Te ātete tote o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Nā te mea he ether kore-ionic te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, kāore e ionize i roto i te wai, he rerekē ki ētahi atu ether cellulose ionic. Hei tauira, ka tauhohe te carboxymethyl cellulose ki ngā ion konganuku taumaha, ā, ka puta ki roto i te otinga. Ko ngā tote whānui pērā i te chloride, bromide, phosphate, nitrate, me ētahi atu, kāore e puta ina tāpirihia ki tana otinga wai. Heoi, he pānga te tāpiri tote ki te pāmahana flocculation o tana otinga wai. Ina piki te kukū tote, ka heke te pāmahana gel. Ina kei raro iho te kukū tote i te pūwāhi flocculation, ka piki ake te matotoru o te otinga. Nō reira, ka tāpirihia he nui o te tote, i roto i te tono, ka taea te whakatutuki i te pānga matotoru ake. Nō reira, i roto i ētahi tono, he pai ake te whakamahi i te ranunga o te cellulose ether me te tote i te kukū teitei ake o te otinga ether hei whakatutuki i te pānga matotoru.
(4) Te ātete ki te waikawa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me te kawakore. He pumau te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki ngā waikawa me ngā kawakore, ā, kāore e pāngia i roto i te awhe pH 2~12. Ka taea e ia te tu atu ki tētahi nui o ngā waikawa Māmā, pērā i te waikawa formic, te waikawa acetic, te waikawa citric, te waikawa succinic, te waikawa phosphoric, te waikawa boric, me ētahi atu. Engari he pānga tō te waikawa kukū ki te whakaiti i te matotoru. Kāore he pānga o ngā kawakore pērā i te houra kaustic, te potash kaustic me te wai raima ki a ia, engari ka taea e rātou te whakanui ake i te matotoru o te otinga, kātahi ka whakaiti mārire.
(5) Te hototahitanga o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Ka taea te whakaranu i te otinga hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki ngā pūhui polymer wairewa-wai hei hanga i tētahi otinga ōrite, mārama hoki, he nui ake te matotoru. Kei roto i ēnei pūhui polymer ko te polyethylene glycol, te polyvinyl acetate, te polysilicone, te polymethylvinylsiloxane, te hydroxyethyl cellulose, me te methyl cellulose. He pai hoki te hototahitanga o ngā pūhui ngota ngota taiao pērā i te gum arabic, te locust bean gum, te karaya gum, me ētahi atu ki tana otinga. Ka taea hoki te whakaranu i te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki te mannitol ester, te sorbitol ester rānei o te waikawa stearic, te waikawa palmitic rānei, ā, ka taea hoki te whakaranu ki te glycerin, te sorbitol me te mannitol, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i ēnei pūhui hei hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer mō te cellulose.
(6) Ka taea e ngā etera cellulose wai-wairewa kore-wairewa o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose te whakawhiti-mata ki ngā aldehydes, kia puta ai ēnei etera wai-wairewa ki roto i te otinga, ā, kia kore ai e wairewa ki te wai. Ko ngā aldehydes e kore ai e wairewa te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ko te formaldehyde, te glyoxal, te succinic aldehyde, te adipaldehyde, me ētahi atu. I te whakamahinga o te formaldehyde, me aro nui ki te uara pH o te otinga, i roto i ēnei ka tere ake te tauhohenga o te glyoxal, nō reira ka whakamahia te glyoxal hei kaihoko whakawhiti-mata i roto i te hanga ahumahi. Ko te nui o tēnei momo kaihoko whakawhiti-mata i roto i te otinga he 0.2%~10% o te papatipu o te ether, ko te 7%~10% te mea pai, hei tauira, ko te 3.3%~6% o te glyoxal te mea tino pai. Ko te pāmahana maimoatanga he 0~30℃, ā, ko te wā he 1~120min. Me whakahaere te tauhohenga whakawhiti-mata i raro i ngā āhuatanga waikawa. I te nuinga o te wā, ka tāpirihia te otinga ki te waikawa kaha kore-waro, ki te waikawa carboxylic waro rānei hei whakatika i te pH o te otinga ki te 2~6 pea, ko te pai ake i waenga i te 4~6, kātahi ka tāpirihia ngā aldehydes hei whakahaere i te tauhohenga honohono. Kei roto i te waikawa e whakamahia ana te waikawa hauwaiora, te waikawa whanariki, te waikawa phosphoric, te waikawa formic, te waikawa acetic, te waikawa hydroxyacetic, te waikawa succinic, te waikawa citric rānei, ā, he pai ake te whakamahi me te waikawa formic, te waikawa acetic rānei, ā, ko te waikawa formic te mea tino pai. Ka taea hoki te tāpiri i te waikawa me te aldehyde i te wā kotahi kia taea ai e te otinga te mahi i te tauhohenga honohono i roto i te awhe pH e hiahiatia ana. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia tēnei tauhohenga i roto i te tukanga maimoatanga whakamutunga i roto i te tukanga whakarite o ngā cellulose ethers. I muri i te kore e rewa te cellulose ether, he watea te whakamahi.
20~25℃ wai mō te horoi me te purenga. Ina whakamahia te hua, ka taea te tāpiri i ngā matū kawakore ki te otinga o te hua hei whakatika i te pH o te otinga kia kawakore, ā, ka tere te memeha o te hua i roto i te otinga. Ka taea hoki tēnei tikanga te whakamahi mō te maimoatanga o te kiriata i muri i te hanga o te otinga cellulose ether hei kiriata kore e memeha.
(7) Te ātete ki te whākōkī o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose I roto i te ariā, ko ngā hua o te cellulose, pērā i te rōpū whakakapinga kua piri pūmau ki ia rōpū anhydroglucose, kāore e ngāwari ki te pirau o te moroiti, engari ina neke atu te uara whakakapinga o te hua kua oti i te 1, ka pakaruhia hoki e ngā whākōkī, ko te tikanga kāore i te ōrite te nui o te whakakapinga o ia rōpū i runga i te mekameka cellulose, ā, ka taea e ngā moroiti te pirau i runga i te rōpū anhydroglucose kāore i whakakapia. Ka hangaia ngā huka, ka mimitihia hei matūkai mō ngā moroiti. Nō reira, ki te piki ake te nui o te whakakapinga etherification o te cellulose, ka piki ake hoki te ātete ki te pirau whākōkī o te cellulose ether. E ai ki ngā pūrongo, i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakahaeretia, ko ngā hua hydrolysis o ngā whākōkī, ko te matotoru toenga o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS=1.9) he 13.2%, ko te methylcellulose (DS=1.83) he 7.3%, ko te methylcellulose (DS=1.66) he 3.8%, ā, ko te hydroxyethyl cellulose he 1.7%. Ka kitea te kaha o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki te ārai i ngā whākōkī. Nō reira, ko te ātete pai o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki ngā whākōkī, me tōna kaha ki te horapa, ki te whakamātotoru me te hanga kiriata, ka whakamahia i roto i ngā paninga wai-emulsion, me ētahi atu, ā, i te nuinga o te wā kāore e hiahiatia he matū tiaki. Heoi, mō te rokiroki roa o te otinga, mō te poke pea mai i waho, ka taea te tāpiri i ngā matū tiaki hei tūpato, ā, ka taea te whakatau i te kōwhiringa i runga i ngā whakaritenga whakamutunga o te otinga. He matū tiaki whai hua te phenylmercury acetate me te manganese fluorosilicate, engari he paitini katoa, me aro ki te mahi. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea te tāpiri i te 1~5mg o te phenylmercury acetate ki te otinga mō ia rita o te horopeta.
(8) Te Mahi a te Kiriata Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose He tino pai ngā āhuatanga hanga kiriata o te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Ka pania tōna wairewa wai, tōna wairewa whakarewa waro rānei ki runga i te pereti karāhe, ā, ka noho noa i muri i te maroke. He kiriata tae, mārama, he pakari hoki. He pai te ātete ki te makuku, ā, ka noho totoka tonu i ngā pāmahana teitei. Mena ka tāpirihia he plasticizer hygroscopic, ka taea te whakanui ake i tōna roa me tōna ngāwari. Mō te whakapai ake i te ngāwari, ko ngā plasticizers pēnei i te glycerin me te sorbitol te mea tino pai. Ko te tikanga, ko te kukū o te otinga he 2%~3%, ā, ko te nui o te plasticizer he 10%~20% o te cellulose ether. Mena he nui rawa te ihirangi o te plasticizer, ka puta te whakahekenga o te matewai colloidal i te makuku teitei. He nui ake te kaha kume o te kiriata me te plasticizer tāpiri i tērā kāore he plasticizer, ā, ka piki ake i te pikinga o te nui i tāpirihia. Mō te hygroscopicity o te kiriata, ka piki ake hoki i te pikinga o te nui o te plasticizer.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-20-2022