Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)bụ ihe na-emepụta cellulose sịntetik na ngwakọta polymer semisynthetic. A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dịka ihe owuwu, ọgwụ, nri, ihe ịchọ mma na mkpuchi. Dị ka a na-abụghị ionic cellulose ether, HPMC nwere ezigbo mmiri solubility, film-akpụ Njirimara, adhesion na emulsification, ya mere nwere mkpa ngwa uru n'ọtụtụ ubi.
1. Chemical Ọdịdị na Njirimara nke HPMC
Usoro ihe omimi nke HPMC sitere na cellulose eke. Mgbe mgbanwe kemịkalụ gasịrị, a na-ewebata otu methyl (-OCH₃) na hydroxypropyl (-OCH₂CH₂OH) n'ime agbụ cellulose. Nhazi kemịkalụ ya bụ nke a:
Ihe mejupụtara mkpụrụ ndụ cellulose bụ nkeji glucose jikọtara ya na njikọ β-1,4-glycosidic;
A na-ewebata otu methyl na hydroxypropyl n'ime agbụ cellulose site na mmeghachi omume nnọchi.
Usoro kemịkalụ a na-enye HPMC ihe ndị a:
Mmiri solubility: Site n'ịchịkwa ogo nke nnọchi nke otu methyl na hydroxypropyl, HPMC nwere ike ịhazigharị mmiri ya. N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, HPMC nwere ike ịmepụta ngwọta viscous na mmiri oyi ma nwee ezigbo mmiri solubility.
Ndozi viscosity: Enwere ike ịchịkwa viscosity nke HPMC nke ọma site n'ịgbanwe ịdị arọ molekụla na ogo nke nnọchi iji gboo mkpa ngwa dị iche iche.
Okpomọkụ na-eguzogide: Ebe ọ bụ na HPMC bụ ihe eji eme ihe na-ekpo ọkụ, okpomọkụ ya dị mma ma ọ nwere ike ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ kwụsiri ike n'ime oke okpomọkụ.
Biocompatibility: HPMC bụ ihe na-adịghị egbu egbu na nke na-adịghị akpasu iwe, ya mere a na-amasị ya karịsịa na ngalaba ahụike.
2. Usoro nkwadebe nke HPMC
A na-emecha usoro nkwadebe nke HPMC site na mmeghachi omume esterification nke cellulose. Usoro ndị a kapịrị ọnụ bụ ndị a:
Mgbasa Cellulose: Nke mbụ, gwakọta cellulose eke na ihe mgbaze (dị ka chloroform, ihe mgbaze mmanya, wdg) iji gbazee ya n'ime ngwọta cellulose.
Mgbanwe kemịkalụ: Methyl na hydroxypropyl reagents kemịkalụ (dị ka ogige chloromethyl na mmanya alyl) na-agbakwunye na ngwọta iji mee mmeghachi omume ngbanwe.
Neutralization na ihicha: A na-edozi uru pH site na ịgbakwunye acid ma ọ bụ alkali, na nkewa, ịdị ọcha na ihicha na-eme mgbe mmeghachi omume na-emecha nweta hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
3. Main ngwa nke HPMC
Njirimara pụrụ iche nke HPMC na-eme ka a na-eji ya n'ọtụtụ ebe. Ndị a bụ ụfọdụ mpaghara ngwa ngwa:
(1) Ogige ihe owuwu: A na-eji HPMC eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu, ọkachasị n'ihe eji ewu ụlọ dịka ciment, ngwa agha, na mkpuchi. Ọ nwere ike imeziwanye mmiri mmiri, adhesion na njigide mmiri nke ngwakọta. Karịsịa na ngwa ngwa akọrọ, HPMC nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ ihe owuwu ahụ, mee ka adhesion nke ngwa agha dịkwuo elu, ma zere mgbawa na cement slurry n'oge usoro siri ike.
(2) Ogige ọgwụ: N'ebe a na-emepụta ọgwụ, a na-ejikarị HPMC akwadebe mbadamba nkume, capsules na ọgwụ mmiri mmiri. Dị ka ihe nkiri na-akpụ mmadụ, thickener na stabilizer, ọ nwere ike melite solubility na bioavailability nke ọgwụ ọjọọ. Na mbadamba nkume, HPMC nwere ike ọ bụghị nanị ịchịkwa ntọhapụ ọnụego nke ọgwụ ọjọọ, ma na-eme ka nkwụsi ike nke ọgwụ ọjọọ.
(3) Ebe nri: Enwere ike iji HPMC mee ihe na nhazi nri dị ka onye na-agbapụta, emulsifier na stabilizer. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na obere abụba na nri na-enweghị abụba, HPMC nwere ike inye ụtọ na udidi dị mma ma mee ka nkwụsi ike nke ngwaahịa ahụ dịkwuo elu. A na-ejikwa ya n'ọtụtụ ebe na nri oyi kpọnwụrụ iji gbochie nkewa mmiri ma ọ bụ nhazi kristal ice.
(4) Ihe ịchọ mma: Na ihe ịchọ mma, a na-ejikarị HPMC eme ihe dị ka thickener, emulsifier na moisturizer. Ọ nwere ike melite udidi nke ịchọ mma, na-eme ka ọ dị mfe itinye na itinye uche. Karịsịa na ude akpụkpọ anụ, shampoos, ihe mkpuchi ihu na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ, iji HPMC eme ihe nwere ike ime ka mmetụta na nkwụsi ike nke ngwaahịa ahụ dịkwuo mma.
(5) Mkpuchi na agba: N'ime ụlọ ọrụ mkpuchi na agba agba, HPMC, dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ na emulsifier, nwere ike ịhazigharị rheology nke mkpuchi ahụ, na-eme ka mkpuchi ahụ dịkwuo mma ma dị mma. Ọ nwekwara ike imeziwanye mmiri na-eguzogide mmiri na ihe ndị na-emebi ihe nke mkpuchi ahụ, ma mee ka ike sie ike na ntinye nke mkpuchi ahụ.
4. Atụmanya ahịa na usoro mmepe nke HPMC
Ka ndị mmadụ na-elebawanye anya na nchekwa na ahụike gburugburu ebe obibi, HPMC, dị ka ihe na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na ihe na-adịghị egbu egbu, nwere atụmanya sara mbara. Karịsịa na ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ, nri na ịchọ mma, a ga-agbasawanye ngwa nke HPMC. N'ọdịnihu, usoro mmepụta nke HPMC nwere ike ime ka ọ dịkwuo mma, na mmụba nke mmepụta na mbelata ọnụ ahịa ga-akwalite ngwa ya na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.
Site na mmepe nke smart ihe na teknụzụ ntọhapụ a na-achịkwa, ngwa HPMC na sistemụ nnyefe ọgwụ smart ga-abụkwa ebe nyocha. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike iji HPMC kwadebe ndị na-ebu ọgwụ nwere ọrụ ntọhapụ a na-achịkwa iji mee ka ogologo oge nke mmetụta ọgwụ dịkwuo ogologo ma melite arụmọrụ.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulosebụ ihe polymer nwere arụmọrụ dị mma na ngwa obosara. Na ya magburu onwe mmiri solubility, ike ịgbanwe viscosity na ezi biocompatibility, HPMC nwere mkpa ngwa n'ọtụtụ ubi dị ka ewu, ọgwụ, nri, ntecha, wdg Na ọganihu nke sayensị na nkà na ụzụ, mmepụta usoro na ngwa ubi nke HPMC nwere ike ịnọgide na-amụba, na ọdịnihu mmepe atụmanya bụ nnọọ sara mbara.
Oge nzipu: Mar-11-2025