Ihe ndabere na nyocha
Cellulose ether bụ ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe dị mma nke polymer sitere na cellulose polymer sitere n'okike site na ọgwụgwọ kemịkal. Mgbe emechara cellulose nitrate na cellulose acetate na narị afọ nke 19, ndị na-ahụ maka kemịkalụ ewepụtala usoro mkpụrụ ndụ cellulose nke ọtụtụ cellulose ethers, na achọpụtala mpaghara ngwa ọhụrụ na-aga n'ihu, gụnyere ọtụtụ ngalaba mmepụta ihe. Ngwaahịa ether cellulose dị ka sodiumcarboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), ethyl cellulose (EC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC)namethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (MHPC)na cellulose ethers ndị ọzọ ka a maara dị ka "ụlọ ọrụ monosodium glutamate" ma ejiriwo ya mee ihe n'ịgba mmanụ, ihe owuwu, mkpuchi, nri, ọgwụ na kemịkalụ kwa ụbọchị.
Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (MHPC) bụ ntụ ntụ ọcha na-enweghị isi, nke na-enweghị ụtọ, nke na-adịghị egbu egbu nke enwere ike igbari na mmiri oyi iji mepụta ngwọta viscous na-apụta ìhè. Ọ nwere àgwà nke ndim, njide, na-achụsasị, emulsifying, film-akpụ, suspending, adsorbing, gelling, elu-arụ ọrụ, ịnọgide na-enwe mmiri mmiri na-echebe colloid. N'ihi ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ n'elu nke ngwọta mmiri, enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe nchebe colloidal, emulsifier na dispersant. Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose aqueous ngwọta nwere ezigbo hydrophilicity ma bụrụ onye na-ejigide mmiri nke ọma. N'ihi na hydroxyethyl methylcellulose nwere otu hydroxyethyl, ọ nwere ikike mgbochi mildew dị mma, nkwụsi ike viscosity dị mma na nguzogide mildew n'oge nchekwa ogologo oge.
A na-akwado Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) site na iwebata ethylene oxide substituents (MS 0.3 ~ 0.4) n'ime methylcellulose (MC), na nguzogide nnu ya dị mma karịa nke polymers na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe. Okpomọkụ gelation nke methylcellulose dịkwa elu karịa nke MC.
Nhazi
Njirimara
Isi njirimara nke hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) bụ:
1. Solubility: Soluble na mmiri na ụfọdụ ihe mgbaze organic. Enwere ike ịgbaze HEMC na mmiri oyi. A na-ekpebi itinye uche ya kachasị elu naanị site na viscosity. Solubility dị iche na viscosity. Na ala viscosity, ka ukwuu solubility.
2. Nguzogide nnu: Ngwaahịa HEMC bụ ndị na-abụghị ionic cellulose ethers ma ọ bụghị polyelectrolytes, ya mere, ha na-akwụsi ike na ngwọta mmiri mgbe salts metal ma ọ bụ organic electrolytes dị, ma oke mgbakwunye nke electrolytes nwere ike ime ka gelation na mmiri ozuzo.
3. Ọrụ dị n'elu: N'ihi ọrụ elu na-arụ ọrụ nke ngwọta mmiri, enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe nchebe colloidal, emulsifier na dispersant.
4. Thermal gel: Mgbe aqueous ngwọta nke HEMC ngwaahịa na-ekpo ọkụ na a ụfọdụ okpomọkụ, ọ na-aghọ opaque, gels, na precipitates, ma mgbe ọ na-anọgide na-ajụ oyi, ọ na-alaghachi na mbụ ngwọta ala, na okpomọkụ na nke a gel na ọdịda na-eme bụ tumadi Dabere na ha lubricants, suspending aids, echebe colloids, emuls.
5. Metabolic inertness na obere isi na isi ísì: A na-eji HEMC eme ihe n'ọtụtụ nri na ọgwụ n'ihi na ọ gaghị emezigharị ya ma nwee obere isi na isi ísì.
6. Nguzogide mildew: HEMC nwere nguzogide mildew dị mma na nkwụsi ike viscosity dị mma n'oge nchekwa ogologo oge.
7. Nkwụsi ike PH: viscosity nke ngwọta mmiri nke ngwaahịa HEMC adịghị emetụta acid ma ọ bụ alkali, na uru pH dị ntakịrị n'ime oke 3.0 ruo 11.0.
Ngwa
Enwere ike iji Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose mee ihe dị ka onye na-ahụ maka nchebe colloidal, emulsifier na dispersant n'ihi ọrụ elu ya na-arụ ọrụ na ngwọta mmiri. Ọmụmaatụ ngwa ya bụ ndị a:
1. Mmetụta nke hydroxyethyl methylcellulose na arụ ọrụ ciment. Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose bụ ihe na-esighi ísì, enweghị ụtọ, ntụ ntụ ọcha na-adịghị egbu egbu nke enwere ike igbari na mmiri oyi iji mepụta ngwọta viscous na-apụta ìhè. Ọ nwere àgwà nke ndim, njide, na-achụsasị, emulsifying, film-akpụ, suspending, adsorbing, gelling, elu-arụ ọrụ, ịnọgide na-enwe mmiri mmiri na-echebe colloid. Ebe ọ bụ na ngwọta mmiri nwere ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ n'elu, enwere ike iji ya dị ka onye na-ahụ maka nchebe colloidal, emulsifier na dispersant. Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose aqueous ngwọta nwere ezigbo hydrophilicity ma bụrụ onye na-ejigide mmiri nke ọma.
2. A na-edozi agba enyemaka na-agbanwe agbanwe nke ukwuu, nke a na-eji ihe ndị na-esonụ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị arọ: 150-200 g nke mmiri deionized; 60-70 g nke acrylic emulsion dị ọcha; 550-650 g nke calcium dị arọ; 70-90 g nke ntụ ntụ ntụ; Base cellulose mmiri ngwọta 30-40g; lignocellulose mmiri ngwọta 10-20g; Enyemaka ihe nkiri 4-6g; antiseptik na fungicides 1.5-2.5 g; ihe nkesa 1.8-2.2g; onye na-edozi mmiri 1.8-2.2g; 3.5-4.5g; Ethylene glycol 9-11 g; A na-eme ngwọta mmiri hydroxyethyl methylcellulose site na igbari 2-4% hydroxyethyl methylcellulose na mmiri; A na-eme ngwọta mmiri lignocellulose nke 1-3% Lignocellulose site na igbari na mmiri.
Nkwadebe
Usoro nkwadebe nke hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, usoro a bụ na a na-eji owu a nụchara anụcha mee ihe dị ka ihe eji eme ihe, a na-ejikwa ethylene oxide mee ihe dị ka ihe na-emepụta ihe iji kwadebe hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose. Akụkụ dị arọ nke akụrụngwa maka ịkwadebe hydroxyethyl methylcellulose bụ ndị a: akụkụ 700-800 nke toluene na ngwakọta isopropanol dị ka ihe mgbaze, akụkụ 30-40 nke mmiri, akụkụ 70-80 nke sodium hydroxide, akụkụ 80-85 nke owu a nụchara anụcha, mgbanaka 20-28 akụkụ oxy0-90 chloride 1 methyl, glacial acetic acid; usoro ndị a kapịrị ọnụ bụ:
Nzọụkwụ mbụ, na kettle mmeghachi omume, tinye toluene na ngwakọta isopropanol, mmiri, na sodium hydroxide, na-ekpo ọkụ ruo 60-80 Celsius C, na-ekpo ọkụ maka nkeji 20-40;
Nzọụkwụ nke abụọ, alkalization: mee ka ihe ndị dị n'elu dị jụụ ruo 30-50 ° C, gbakwunye owu a nụchara anụcha, fesa toluene na isopropanol ngwakọta ihe mgbaze, vacuumize ka 0.006Mpa, jupụta nitrogen maka 3 nnọchi, ma na-eme mgbe nnọchi Alkalinization, na alkalization ọnọdụ bụ: oge alkalization bụ 2 awa, na 300 Celsius C okpomọkụ bụ alkalization.
Nzọụkwụ nke atọ, etherification: mgbe emechara alkalization, a na-ewepụ onye na-emepụta ihe na 0.05-0.07MPa, na ethylene oxide na methyl chloride na-agbakwunye maka nkeji 30-50; ọkwa mbụ nke etherification: 40-60 ° C, 1.0-2.0 Awa, a na-achịkwa nrụgide n'etiti 0.15 na 0.3Mpa; nke abụọ ogbo nke etherification: 60 ~ 90 ℃, 2.0 ~ 2.5 awa, a na-achịkwa nrụgide n'etiti 0.4 na 0.8Mpa;
Nzọụkwụ nke anọ, neutralization: tinye glacial acetic acid a tụrụ n'ihu na kettle mmiri ozuzo, pịa n'ime ihe etherified maka neutralization, bulie okpomọkụ ruo 75-80 ° C maka mmiri ozuzo, okpomọkụ na-ebili na 102 ° C, na pH uru na-achọpụta na 6 N'elekere asatọ nke ụtụtụ, desolventization agwụla; A na-ejupụta tankị na-emebi emebi na mmiri mgbata nke ngwaọrụ reverse osmosis na-edozi na 90 Celsius C ruo 100 Celsius;
Nzọụkwụ nke ise, ịsacha centrifugal: ihe dị na nzọụkwụ nke anọ bụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ dị elu site na nkwụsị nke centrifuge, na ihe ndị ahụ kewara ekewa na-ebufe na tankị ịsacha nke jupụtara na mmiri ọkụ tupu oge eruo maka ịsacha ihe;
Nzọụkwụ nke isii, ihicha centrifugal: a na-ebufe ihe ndị a na-asacha n'ime igwe na-ekpo ọkụ site na centrifuge screw centrifuge, na ihe a na-akpọnwụ na 150-170 ° C, na-egweri ihe a mịrị amị na ngwugwu.
E jiri ya tụnyere teknụzụ mmepụta cellulose ether dị ugbu a, ihe a na-emepụta ugbu a na-eji ethylene oxide dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe na-edozi hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, nke nwere ezigbo mgbochi mildew n'ihi na ọ nwere otu hydroxyethyl. Ọ nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike viscosity na iguzogide mildew n'oge nchekwa ogologo oge. Enwere ike iji ya kama ethers cellulose ndị ọzọ.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-25-2024