Nhazi cellulose na-agụnye ụzọ dị iche iche iji wepụ na nụchaa ya site na isi mmalite ya, karịsịa osisi. Cellulose, a polysaccharide, na-etolite akụkụ nhazi nke mgbidi cell na osisi ma bụrụ polymer organic kasị ukwuu n'ụwa. Nhazi ya dị oke mkpa na ụlọ ọrụ sitere na akwụkwọ na textile ruo nri na ọgwụ.
1. Ị nweta akụrụngwa akụrụngwa:
Cellulose na-esi na osisi eme ihe, ebe osisi na owu bụ isi mmalite. Ebe ndị ọzọ gụnyere hemp, flax, jute, na ụfọdụ algae. Osisi dị iche iche nwere ọdịnaya cellulose dị iche iche, na-emetụta arụmọrụ nke mmịpụta na nhazi.
2. Ọgwụgwọ mbụ:
Tupu mwepụta cellulose, a na-emezi ngwa ngwa iji wepụ ihe ndị na-abụghị cellulose dị ka lignin, hemicellulose, na pectin. Nzọụkwụ a na-eme ka arụmọrụ nke mmịpụta cellulose dịkwuo elu. Ụzọ ọgwụgwọ agụnyere igwe egweri, ọgwụgwọ kemịkalụ (dịka, acid ma ọ bụ alkali hydrolysis), na usoro ndu (dịka ọmụmaatụ mgbaze enzymatic).
3. Mwepụta cellulose:
Ozugbo emechara ya nke ọma, a na-ewepụta cellulose site na ihe ọkụkụ. A na-eji ọtụtụ ụzọ maka nke a:
Ụzọ eji arụ ọrụ: Ụzọ eji arụ ọrụ na-agụnye ịkụtu ihe ọkụkụ n'anụ ahụ iji hapụ eriri cellulose. Nke a nwere ike ịgụnye egweri, igwe nri, ma ọ bụ ịpị.
Ụzọ kemịkalụ: Ụzọ kemịkalụ gụnyere iji kemịkal agwọ ihe osisi ahụ iji gbazee ma ọ bụ mebie ihe ndị na-abụghị cellulose, na-ahapụ n'azụ cellulose. A na-ejikarị usoro kemịkalụ acid hydrolysis na ọgwụgwọ alkaline eme ihe.
Ụzọ enzymatic: Ụzọ enzymatic na-eji cellulase enzymes agbaji cellulose n'ime sugars mejupụtara ya. Usoro a na-ahọrọ karịa na gburugburu ebe obibi ma e jiri ya tụnyere usoro kemịkal.
4. Nchacha na Nchacha:
Ozugbo ewepụtara ya, cellulose na-eme ka ọ dị ọcha na nhazigharị iji wepụ adịghị ọcha ma nweta ihe ndị a chọrọ. Nke a nwere ike ịgụnye ịsa, filtration, na centrifugation iji kewapụ eriri cellulose na kemịkalụ fọdụrụ ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ.
5. Nhazi na nhazi:
Mgbe emechara ka ọ dị ọcha, enwere ike ịhazi cellulose n'ụdị dị iche iche dabere na ngwa ọ chọrọ. Ụdị nkịtị gụnyere:
Pulp: A na-eji mkpụrụ osisi cellulose eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ na kaadiboodu. Enwere ike ịchacha ya iji nweta ọkwa dị iche iche nke nchapụta.
Fibers: A na-eji eriri cellulose eme ihe na textiles na uwe. Enwere ike ịgbanye ha n'ime yarn ma kpaa ha n'ime akwa ákwà.
Ihe nkiri na Membranes: Enwere ike ịhazi cellulose ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri dị mkpa ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ anụ ejiri na nkwakọ ngwaahịa, ngwa biomedical, na nzacha.
Ihe ndị na-emepụta kemịkalụ: Enwere ike gbanwee cellulose na kemịkalụ iji mepụta ihe ndị nwere ihe pụrụ iche. Ọmụmaatụ gụnyere cellulose acetate (nke a na-eji na fim foto na textiles) na carboxymethyl cellulose (nke a na-eji na ngwaahịa nri na ọgwụ).
Nanocellulose: Nanocellulose na-ezo aka na eriri cellulose ma ọ bụ kristal nwere akụkụ nanoscale. Ọ nwere ihe pụrụ iche ma na-eji ya na ngwa dị elu dị iche iche dị ka nanocomposites, biomedical material, na ngwá electronic.
6. Ngwa:
Cellulose emebere na-achọta ngwa dị ukwuu n'ofe ụlọ ọrụ:
Akwụkwọ na Nkwakọ ngwaahịa: Cellulose bụ isi akụrụngwa n'imepụta akwụkwọ, kaadiboodu, na ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa.
A na-eji akwa akwa: Owu, isi iyi cellulose, bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ akwa maka uwe, akwa ụlọ, na akwa ụlọ ọrụ.
Nri na ọgwụ: A na-eji ihe ndị na-emepụta cellulose eme ihe dị ka ndị na-ekpu mmiri, ndị na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ, na emulsifiers na ngwaahịa nri na usoro ọgwụ.
Ngwa biomedical: A na-eji ihe ndị sitere na cellulose mee ihe n'ịkwa akwa ọnya, ihe mkpuchi maka injin anụ ahụ, usoro nnyefe ọgwụ, na ntinye ọgwụ.
Ndozi Gburugburu Ebe Obibi: Enwere ike iji ihe ndị sitere na cellulose mee ihe maka ndozi gburugburu ebe obibi, dị ka ọgwụgwọ mmiri na mkpocha mmanụ.
Ike mmeghari ohuru: Enwere ike gbanwee cellulose biomass ka ọ bụrụ mmanụ ọkụ dị ka ethanol site na usoro dị ka gbaa ụka na enzymatic hydrolysis.
7. Ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi:
Nhazi cellulose nwere mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi, karịsịa gbasara iji kemịkalụ na ike. A na-eme mbọ iji wepụta ụzọ nhazi ndị ọzọ na-adigide, dị ka iji isi mmalite ume ọhụrụ, ibelata ojiji kemịkalụ, na imejuputa sistemu mechiri emechi maka mmiri na nrụgharị kemịkal.
8. Ọdịnihu Ọdịnihu:
Ihe na-eme n'ọdịnihu na nhazi cellulose gụnyere mmepụta nke ihe ndị dị elu nwere ihe ndị emelitere, dị ka plastik biodegradable, textiles smart, na nanocomposites. A na-enwekwa mmasị na-abawanye na iji cellulose dị ka ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe na nke na-adigide na ihe ndị dabeere na fossil na ngwa dị iche iche.
nhazi cellulose na-agụnye usoro nke usoro, gụnyere mmịpụta, ịdị ọcha, na nhazi, iji mepụta ngwaahịa dị iche iche nwere ngwa ụlọ ọrụ zuru oke. Mgbalị iji kwalite ụzọ nhazi na ịmepụta ihe ndị dabeere na cellulose ọhụrụ na-ebute ọganihu na mpaghara a, na-elekwasị anya na nkwado na ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-25-2024