1. Ihe ndị bụ isi nke HPMC
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)bụ nonionic cellulose ether nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe ụlọ, ọgwụ, nri, ihe ịchọ mma na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. Njirimara physicochemical ya pụrụ iche, dị ka solubility, thickening, film-forming and thermal gelation properties, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ isi ihe na ọtụtụ ngwa ụlọ ọrụ. Okpomọkụ bụ otu n'ime isi ihe na-emetụta arụmọrụ nke HPMC, karịsịa n'ihe gbasara solubility, viscosity, thermal gelation and thermal nkwụsi ike.
2. Mmetụta nke okpomọkụ na solubility nke HPMC
HPMC bụ polymer soluble na-agbanwe agbanwe, na solubility ya na-agbanwe na okpomọkụ:
Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị ala (mmiri oyi): HPMC na-adị mfe soluble na mmiri oyi, mana ọ ga-amịkọrọ mmiri wee zaa mgbe mbụ ọ na-akpọtụrụ mmiri ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ gel. Ọ bụrụ na ịkpali ezughị oke, lumps nwere ike ịmalite. Ya mere, a na-atụkarị aro ka ịgbakwunye HPMC nwayọọ nwayọọ ka ọ na-akpali akpali iji kwalite mgbasa ozi otu.
Ọkara okpomọkụ (20-40 ℃): Na nke a okpomọkụ nso, HPMC nwere ezi solubility na elu viscosity, na adabara dị iche iche usoro na-achọ ndim ma ọ bụ stabilization.
Okpomọkụ dị elu (n'elu 60 Celsius): HPMC na-adịkarị mfe ịmepụta gel na-ekpo ọkụ na oke okpomọkụ. Mgbe okpomọkụ ahụ rutere n'ụdị gel kpọmkwem, ngwọta ahụ ga-aghọ opaque ma ọ bụ ọbụna na-agbakọta, na-emetụta mmetụta ngwa ahụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ihe eji ewu ụlọ dị ka ngwa agha ma ọ bụ ntụ ntụ, ọ bụrụ na mmiri ọkụ dị oke elu, HPMC nwere ike ọ gaghị agbaze nke ọma, si otú a na-emetụta àgwà ụlọ.
3. Mmetụta nke okpomọkụ na HPMC viscosity
Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na-emetụta viscosity nke HPMC nke ukwuu:
Okpomọkụ na-abawanye, na-ebelata viscosity: Viscosity nke ngwọta HPMC na-ebelatakarị site na mmụba okpomọkụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, viscosity nke ụfọdụ ngwọta HPMC nwere ike ịdị elu na 20 Celsius C, ebe na 50 Celsius, viscosity ya ga-adaba nke ọma.
Okpomọkụ na-ebelata, viscosity na-agbake: Ọ bụrụ na ngwọta HPMC dị jụụ mgbe kpochara, viscosity ya ga-agbake n'otu akụkụ, mana ọ nwere ike ọ gaghị enwe ike ịlaghachi kpamkpam na steeti mbụ.
HPMC dị iche iche viscosity akara ule na-akpa àgwà dị iche iche: elu viscosity HPMC na-enwe mmetụta nke okpomọkụ mgbanwe, ebe obere viscosity HPMC nwere obere viscosity fluctuations mgbe okpomọkụ na-agbanwe. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa karịsịa ịhọrọ HPMC na ezi viscosity na dị iche iche ngwa ndapụta.
4. Mmetụta nke okpomọkụ na thermal gelation nke HPMC
Otu njirimara dị mkpa nke HPMC bụ thermal gelation, ya bụ, mgbe okpomọkụ na-ebili n'otu ọkwa, ngwọta ya ga-aghọ gel. A na-akpọkarị ọnọdụ okpomọkụ a gelation okpomọkụ. Ụdị HPMC dị iche iche nwere okpomọkụ gelation dị iche iche, n'ozuzu n'etiti 50-80 ℃.
N'ime ụlọ ọrụ nri na ọgwụ, a na-eji njirimara HPMC akwadebe ọgwụ na-ahapụ ma ọ bụ colloid nri.
N'ime ngwa ihe owuwu, dị ka ciment mortar na putty powder, thermal gelation nke HPMC nwere ike inye njide mmiri, ma ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ gburugburu ebe obibi dị elu, gelation nwere ike imetụta ọrụ ụlọ.
5. Mmetụta okpomọkụ na nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ nke HPMC
Usoro kemịkalụ nke HPMC kwụsiri ike n'ime oke okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị, mana ikpughe ogologo oge na oke okpomọkụ nwere ike ibute mmebi.
Okpomọkụ dị mkpụmkpụ nke dị mkpụmkpụ (dị ka kpo oku ozugbo ruo n'elu 100 ℃): nwere ike ọ gaghị emetụta njirimara kemịkal nke HPMC, mana ọ nwere ike ibute mgbanwe na akụrụngwa anụ ahụ, dịka mbelata viscosity.
Ogologo oge dị elu okpomọkụ (dị ka kpo oku na-aga n'ihu n'elu 90 ℃): nwere ike ime ka agbụ molekul nke HPMC gbajie, na-ebute mbelata na-enweghị ike ịgbanwe na viscosity, na-emetụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na ihe nkiri.
Okpomọkụ dị oke elu (karịa 200 ℃): HPMC nwere ike ịmalite ire ere ọkụ, na-ahapụ ihe ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe dị ka methanol na propanol, na-eme ka ihe ahụ gbanwee ma ọ bụ ọbụna carbonize.
6. Ngwa ndụmọdụ maka HPMC na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị iche iche
Iji nye egwuregwu zuru oke na arụmọrụ nke HPMC, ekwesịrị ịme usoro kwesịrị ekwesị dabere na gburugburu ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị iche iche:
Na ala okpomọkụ gburugburu (0-10 ℃): HPMC dissolves nwayọọ nwayọọ, na ọ na-atụ aro ka tupu igbari ya na mmiri ọkụ (20-40 ℃) tupu ojiji.
Na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nkịtị (10-40 ℃): HPMC nwere arụmọrụ kwụsiri ike ma dabara adaba maka ọtụtụ ngwa, dị ka mkpuchi, ngwa agha, nri na ihe mgbakwunye ọgwụ.
Na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu (n'elu 40 ℃): Zere ịgbakwunye HPMC ozugbo na mmiri mmiri dị elu. A na-atụ aro ka igbari ya na mmiri oyi tupu ikpo ọkụ ya, ma ọ bụ họrọ HPMC na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu iji belata mmetụta nke gelation thermal na ngwa ahụ.
Okpomọkụ nwere mmetụta dị ịrịba ama na solubility, viscosity, thermal gelation na thermal kwụsie ike nke.HPMC. N'oge usoro ngwa ahụ, ọ dị mkpa iji ezi uche họrọ ụdị na usoro eji HPMC dịka ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị iche iche si dị iji hụ na arụmọrụ ya kacha mma. Ịghọta mmetụta okpomọkụ nke HPMC nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị ịkwalite àgwà ngwaahịa, kamakwa zere mfu ndị na-enweghị isi nke mgbanwe okpomọkụ kpatara ma melite nrụpụta mmepụta na uru akụ na ụba.
Oge nzipu: Mar-28-2025