Cellulose ether yog ib hom polymer compound tau los ntawm kev hloov kho tshuaj ntawm cov cellulose ntuj, uas muaj kev yaj zoo heev, ua kom tuab, khaws dej thiab tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab. Cov hom cellulose ether feem ntau suav nrogHydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), methylcellulose (MC), Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC), hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC), thiab lwm yam. Lawv siv dav hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim kho, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov tshuab sib xyaw qhuav.
1. Lub mechanism ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cellulose ether hauv mortar
Hauv cov qauv mortar niaj hnub no, cellulose ether, ua cov tshuaj ntxiv tseem ceeb, feem ntau ua lub luag haujlwm hauv cov hauv qab no:
1.1. Txhim kho kev khaws dej kom zoo dua
Cov cellulose ether molecules muaj ntau cov pab pawg hydrophilic, uas tuaj yeem nqus thiab kaw cov dej dawb, ncua qhov evaporation thiab nkag mus ntawm dej, cia dej koom nrog tag nrho hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cement hydration, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim lub zog thaum ntxov. Thaum tsim kho ntawm cov substrates nrog kev nqus dej muaj zog (xws li aerated concrete, cib), cellulose ether tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev nqus dej ntau dhau thiab zam kev tawg thiab hmoov.
1.2. Ua kom tuab thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho
Cellulose ether tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov viscosity thiab thixotropy ntawm mortar, yog li ntawd cov mortar qhia tau tias muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev tsim kho thaum sib tov thiab thov, tab sis muaj cov khoom nplaum siab thiab tiv thaiv kev plam hauv lub xeev zoo li qub, yog li txhim kho kev tsim kho du thiab txo qhov sagging.
1.3. Txhim kho lub zog sib txuas
Los ntawm kev txhim kho qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm cov mortar thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv nrog cov substrate, cellulose ether txhim kho lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov mortar, zam cov teeb meem xws li delamination thiab hollowing hauv theem tom qab, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau cov nplaum pobzeb, cov mortars tus kheej thiab cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud.
1.4. Ncua lub sijhawm teeb tsa thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm
Cellulose ether tuaj yeem ncua lub sijhawm qhib ntawm cov mortar, ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj sijhawm ntau dua los kho thiab txiav thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho, thaum zam kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev tsim kho los ntawm kev qhuav ua ntej.
2. Kev siv cellulose ether hauv ntau hom mortars
2.1. Cov tshuaj nplaum
Ntxiv cellulose ether rau hauv cov plastering mortar tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov mortar thiab phab ntsa, thiab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem xws li "hollowing thiab tawg". Nws cov dej khaws cia zoo kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej tshauv qhuav sib npaug thiab txhim kho qhov ua tiav.
2.2. Cov nplaum rau pobzeb
Cov nplaum rau pobzeb muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom dej tsis txhob nkag thiab tiv thaiv kev plam. Cellulose ether tuaj yeem txhim kho nws lub zog sib txuas, tiv thaiv cov pobzeb kom tsis txhob swb, thiab ua kom muaj kev sib txuas zoo rau sab nraub qaum ntawm cov pobzeb uas nqus dej tsawg.
2.3. Cov tshuaj nplaum uas ua kom tiaj tus
Cov cellulose ether muab qhov sib xws thiab khaws dej kom zoo hauv cov mortar uas nws tus kheej leveling kom ntseeg tau tias nws sib npaug yam tsis muaj teeb meem zoo xws li kev los ntshav thiab tawg. Cov cellulose ether uas muaj viscosity tsawg yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov kev siv no.
2.4. Cov tshuaj nplaum rwb thaiv tsev (EIFS system)
Hauv lub kaw lus rwb thaiv tsev phab ntsa sab nraud, cellulose ether raug ntxiv rau ob qho tib si bonding mortar thiab anti-cracking mortar kom txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab nrib pleb, txhim kho lub zog sib txuas, thiab txhim kho kev ruaj khov thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm tag nrho lub kaw lus.
2.5. Cov tshuaj nplaum sib xyaw ua ke qhuav
Cov tshuaj khib masonry qhuav feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim kho cib masonry. Cellulose ether tuaj yeem txhim kho nws lub peev xwm nqus dej, khaws dej thiab tiv thaiv kev poob qis, ua rau cov tshuaj khib sib npaug thiab puv, thiab txhim kho qhov ceev thiab lub zog compressive ntawm masonry.
3. Tej yam uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cellulose ether muaj feem cuam tshuam loj heev rau qhov kev ua tau zoo kawg ntawm cov mortar, feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
Qib viscosity: Cov cellulose ether uas muaj viscosity siab yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov mortars uas xav tau cov khoom tiv thaiv kev plam siab, thaum viscosity qis yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov khoom lag luam tus kheej.
Qib ntawm kev hloov pauv (DS) thiab kev hloov pauv molar (MS): Ob qho kev ntsuas no txiav txim siab qhov solubility, kev khaws dej thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cellulose ether.
Qhov loj ntawm cov khoom me me: Cov hmoov zoo yooj yim dua rau kev sib kis hauv cov tshuaj khib, txhim kho kev sib xws tag nrho.
Tus nqi yaj: Cov cellulose ether yaj sai pab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntau lawm thiab kev sib tov zoo.
4. Cov lus qhia siv thiab kev ceev faj
Xaiv qhov viscosity thiab hom cellulose ether kom haum rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov mortar system.
Cov txheej txheem sib tov yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov cellulose ether tau sib kis kom sib npaug kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib sau ua ke hauv zos uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm.
Tswj qhov ntau ntxiv, feem ntau yog 0.1% -0.5% ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov cement. Ntau dhau yuav cuam tshuam rau lub zog thiab lub sijhawm ziab.
Thaum siv nrog lwm cov khoom ntxiv (xws li cov hmoov latex uas yaj tau dua, cov neeg sawv cev txo dej, thiab lwm yam), yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev sim sib xws.
Raws li ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv cov mortar qhuav sib xyaw niaj hnub,cellulose ether ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho, cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev ruaj khov. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov tsev ntsuab thiab cov tsev prefabricated, qhov kev thov rau cov mortar ua haujlwm siab txuas ntxiv mus, thiab cov hom thiab cov thev naus laus zis ntawm cellulose ether kuj tseem raug kho kom zoo tas li. Kev xaiv tsim nyog thiab kev siv cellulose ether hauv kev tshawb fawb yuav txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom mortar thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho, uas yog ib qho kev taw qhia tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho tam sim no.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Xya Hli-10-2025