Cov khoom siv gypsum yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho thiab kev siv hauv kev lag luam vim lawv cov khoom siv tau ntau yam. Kev txhim kho lawv cov yam ntxwv kev ua tau zoo xws li kev ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab kev nthuav dav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab zoo. Ib txoj hauv kev zoo los ua tiav cov kev txhim kho no yog kev koom ua ke ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab hloov kho no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm gypsum plasters, muab ntau yam txiaj ntsig hauv kev rheology, adhesion, thiab kev ruaj khov.
Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj thiab Mechanism ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm
Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers yog cov khoom siv los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ntuj uas tau hloov kho los ua kom muaj kev sib txuas ntawm ether. Cov kev hloov kho feem ntau suav nrog hydroxypropylation, carboxymethylation, thiab cationization, ua rau hydroxypropyl starch ether (HPS), carboxymethyl starch ether (CMS), thiab cationic starch ether (CSE), raws li. Cov kev hloov kho no hloov pauv cov khoom siv lub cev thiab tshuaj ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, txhim kho nws qhov sib xws nrog gypsum thiab nws lub peev xwm los hloov kho cov khoom rheological ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw.
Kev Tswj Rheological: Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers muaj feem cuam tshuam rau rheology ntawm cov khoom lag luam gypsum. Los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam nrog dej, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers o thiab tsim cov gel-zoo li network. Lub network no ua rau kom cov viscosity ntawm qhov sib tov nce ntxiv, tiv thaiv kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom thiab tswj kom muaj kev sib xws. Qhov viscosity txhim kho txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm gypsum plasters, ua rau lawv yooj yim dua rau kev sib tov, thov, thiab du. Qhov kev tswj hwm viscosity no kuj tso cai rau kev tuav zoo dua thiab txo qhov sagging thiab dripping thaum lub sijhawm thov.
Kev Khaws Dej: Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua rau kom khaws dej tau zoo hauv cov khoom sib xyaw gypsum. Lawv tsim ib qho thaiv uas ua rau qeeb qeeb ntawm kev ua kom dej evaporation, muab sijhawm ntau dua rau lub plaster kom teeb tsa kom raug. Kev khaws dej zoo dua ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov gypsum crystals muaj dej txaus, ua rau cov khoom kawg muaj zog dua thiab ruaj khov dua. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau hauv qhov chaw kub lossis qhuav uas dej poob sai sai tuaj yeem ua rau lub plaster puas tsuaj.
Kev Txhim Kho Kev Sib Txuas thiab Kev Sib Koom Tes: Qhov muaj cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers txhim kho kev sib txuas ntawm gypsum plasters rau cov substrates thiab txhim kho kev sib koom tes ntawm plaster nws tus kheej. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev tsim cov hydrogen bonds ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab molecules thiab cov gypsum particles, tsim kom muaj lub matrix muaj zog dua thiab sib txuas ntau dua. Kev sib txuas zoo dua ua kom ntseeg tau tias plaster tseem txuas nrog cov chaw, thaum kev sib koom tes zoo dua tiv thaiv kev tawg thiab txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm plaster.
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom siv gypsum
Kev koom ua ke ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers rau hauv cov khoom lag luam gypsum txhais tau tias muaj ntau qhov zoo hauv kev tsim kho thiab kev siv hauv kev lag luam.
Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Dua: Cov khoom siv rheological zoo dua txhais tau tias cov plasters gypsum sib xyaw nrog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yooj yim dua rau kev ua haujlwm nrog. Lawv tuaj yeem nthuav dav dua thiab sib npaug, txo qhov kev siv zog thaum lub sijhawm thov. Qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo dua no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov haujlwm tsim kho loj uas qhov ua tau zoo thiab yooj yim siv yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Lub Sijhawm Qhib Ntev: Cov khoom zoo dua ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers ua rau lub sijhawm qhib ntawm cov plasters gypsum ntev dua. Lub sijhawm qhib yog lub sijhawm uas cov plaster tseem ua haujlwm tau ua ntej nws pib teeb. Lub sijhawm qhib ntev dua tso cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hloov kho thiab kho yam tsis tau teeb tsa plaster ua ntej lub sijhawm. Qhov kev ywj pheej no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tiav qhov zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev ua haujlwm nyuaj lossis ntxaws ntxaws.
Txo Qhov Ntsws Thiab Kev Nthuav Dav: Kev khaws dej kom zoo dua thiab kev nplaum zoo dua txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ntsws thiab kev tawg hauv cov khoom kawg. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab pab tswj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov dej noo hauv cov plaster, ua kom cov txheej txheem ziab kom sib npaug dua. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov chaw ruaj khov dua thiab tiv taus kev tawg, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ob qho tib si kev zoo nkauj thiab kev ua kom zoo nkauj.
Cov txiaj ntsig ib puag ncig: Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers yog los ntawm cov peev txheej rov ua dua tshiab, ua rau lawv yog cov khoom siv zoo rau ib puag ncig. Lawv siv rau hauv cov khoom lag luam gypsum tuaj yeem txo qhov kev vam khom rau cov polymers hluavtaws thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsis rov ua dua tshiab. Qhov no sib haum nrog qhov kev thov loj hlob rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev coj ua hauv kev tsim kho kom ruaj khov.
Cov ntawv thov hauv ntau yam khoom siv gypsum
Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers pom daim ntawv thov hauv ntau yam khoom siv gypsum, txhua tus tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab kev sib kis tau zoo uas lawv muab.
Cov Nplaum Gypsum: Rau cov nplaum phab ntsa thiab qab nthab, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua rau yooj yim siv thiab ua tiav zoo. Lawv pab ua kom du, sib npaug ntawm cov chaw nrog qhov tsis zoo tsawg kawg nkaus, txo qhov xav tau kev ua tiav ntxiv.
Cov Tshuaj Sib Koom Tes: Hauv cov tshuaj sib koom tes uas siv rau kev kaw cov kab sib txuas ntawm phab ntsa drywall, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua rau muaj kev sib kis thiab kev nplaum, ua kom muaj kev sib khi zoo thiab ruaj khov. Lawv kuj tseem ua kom yooj yim ntawm kev xuab zeb thaum cov tshuaj tau qhuav, ua rau qhov chaw kawg du.
Cov Tshuaj Sib Xyaws Uas Ua Rau Nws Tus Kheej Sib Npaug: Hauv cov tshuaj sib xyaws hauv pem teb uas ua rau nws tus kheej sib npaug, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers pab txhawb rau cov dej ntws thiab sib npaug, ua kom lub ntsej muag tiaj tus thiab sib npaug. Lawv lub peev xwm khaws dej kom tiv thaiv kev qhuav ua ntej thiab ua kom nws khov zoo, ua rau hauv pem teb muaj zog thiab ruaj khov.
Cov Rooj Sib Tham Gypsum: Hauv cov rooj sib tham gypsum, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers txhim kho qhov kev sib txuas ntawm lub plawv gypsum thiab daim ntawv sab hauv, ua kom lub rooj sib tham muaj zog thiab ruaj khov. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov rooj sib tham thaum lub sijhawm tuav thiab teeb tsa.
Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers sawv cev rau kev nce qib tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam gypsum, muab kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab kev sib kis tau zoo. Lawv lub peev xwm los tswj rheology, txhim kho kev khaws dej, thiab txhim kho kev nplaum txhais tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo xws li kev siv yooj yim dua, lub sijhawm qhib ntev dua, txo qis kev ntsws thiab tawg, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev dua. Raws li kev lag luam kev tsim kho txuas ntxiv mus rau kev coj ua zoo dua thiab ruaj khov dua, kev siv cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers hauv cov khoom lag luam gypsum yuav tseem ceeb zuj zus, pab txhawb rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev zoo dua thiab zoo dua rau ib puag ncig.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Rau Hli-03-2024