He aha ka Cellulose Ether?

Cellulose eterahe hui polimer me kahi etera i hana ʻia me ka cellulose. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia apo glucosyl i loko o ka macromolecule cellulose ʻekolu mau pūʻulu hydroxyl, ʻo ka hui hydroxyl mua ma ke ono o ke kalapona kalapona, ka pūʻulu hydroxyl lua ma ka lua a me ke kolu o nā kalapona kalapona, a ua hoʻololi ʻia ka hydrogen i loko o ka pūʻulu hydroxyl e kahi pūʻulu hydrocarbon e hana i nā mea derivatives cellulose ether. He huahana ia i pani ʻia ai ka hydrogen o ka hui hydroxyl i loko o ka polymer cellulose e kahi hui hydrocarbon. ʻO ka Cellulose kahi pūhui polyhydroxy polymer ʻaʻole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Ma hope o ka etherification, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka cellulose i ka wai, dilute alkali solution a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe organik, a he thermoplasticity.

ʻO ka Cellulose kahi pūhui polyhydroxy polymer ʻaʻole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Ma hope o ka etherification, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka cellulose i ka wai, dilute alkali solution a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe organik, a he thermoplasticity.

1.Nature：

Hoʻololi nui ka solubility o cellulose ma hope o ka etherification. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, dilute acid, dilute alkali a i ʻole ka mea hoʻoheheʻe organik. ʻO ka solubility e hilinaʻi nui i nā kumu ʻekolu: (1) ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā hui i hoʻokomo ʻia i ke kaʻina hana etherification, ka mea i hoʻokomo ʻia ʻO ka nui o ka hui, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka polarity o ka hui i hoʻokomo ʻia, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka cellulose ether e hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai; (2) Ka degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana a me ka māhele ʻana o nā pūʻulu etherified i loko o ka macromolecule. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hapa nui o nā eter cellulose i ka wai ma lalo o kekahi degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana, a ʻo ke degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana ma waena o 0 a me 3; (3) ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka polymerization o cellulose ether, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka polymerization, ka liʻiliʻi o ka soluble; ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻololi i hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka laulā. Nui nā ʻano cellulose ethers me ka hana maikaʻi loa, a hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i ke kūkulu ʻana, sima, ʻaila, meaʻai, textile, detergent, pena, lāʻau lapaʻau, pepa a me nā mea uila a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

2. Hoʻomohala:

ʻO Kina ka mea hana nui loa a me ka mea kūʻai aku i ka cellulose ether, me ka awelika o ka ulu ʻana o ka makahiki ma mua o 20%. Wahi a nā helu helu mua, aia ma kahi o 50 mau ʻoihana hana cellulose ether ma Kina, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana hana o ka cellulose ether ʻoihana i ʻoi aku ma mua o 400,000 tons, a aia ma kahi o 20 mau ʻoihana me ka ʻoi aku o 10,000 tons, i hoʻolaha nui ʻia ma Shandong, Hebei, Chongqing a me Jiangsu. , Zhejiang, Shanghai a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe.

3. Pono:

I ka makahiki 2011, he 300,000 tons ka mana hana CMC o Kina. Me ka piʻi nui o ka noi no nā cellulose ethers kiʻekiʻe i nā ʻoihana e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka meaʻai, a me nā kemika i kēlā me kēia lā, ke piʻi nei ka noi home no nā huahana cellulose ether ʻē aʻe ma mua o CMC. , ʻO ka mana hana o MC / HPMC ma kahi o 120,000 tons, a ʻo ka HEC ma kahi o 20,000 tons. Aia nō ʻo PAC i ka hoʻolaha ʻana a me ka pae noi ma Kina. Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā māla aila nui o waho a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea kūkulu hale, nā meaʻai, nā kemika a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, ke hoʻonui nei ka nui a me ka māla o PAC i kēlā me kēia makahiki, me ka nui o ka hana ma mua o 10,000 tons.

4. Hoʻokaʻawale:

E like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā mea hoʻohui, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i ka anionic, cationic a me ka nonionic ethers. Ma muli o ka etherification agent i hoʻohanaʻia, aia ka methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, benzyl cyanoethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose a me nā mea'ē aʻe. ʻoi aku ka hana o ka cellulose a me ka ethyl cellulose.

Methylcellulose:

Ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia me ka alkali, hana ʻia ka cellulose ether ma o ke ʻano o nā hopena me ka methane chloride ma ke ʻano he etherification agent. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana he 1.6 ~ 2.0, a ʻokoʻa hoʻi ka solubility me nā pae like ʻole o ka hoʻololi. No ka non-ionic cellulose ether.

(1) Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka Methylcellulose i ka wai anuanu, a paʻakikī ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai wela. Paʻa loa kona hopena wai i ka pae o pH=3~12. He kūpono maikaʻi me ka starch, guar gum, etc. a me nā surfactants he nui. Ke piʻi ka mahana i ka mahana gelation, puka ka gelation.

(2) ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka methyl cellulose e pili ana i kona nui hoʻohui, viscosity, nui ʻāpana a me ka helu dissolution. ʻO ka maʻamau, inā nui ka hoʻohui, liʻiliʻi ka fineness, a nui ka viscosity, kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻohui i ka hopena nui loa i ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, a ʻaʻole kūlike ka pae o ka viscosity i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻa wai. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana cellulose a me ka fineness. Ma waena o nā cellulose ethers ma luna, ʻo ka methyl cellulose a me ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻa wai.

(3) Hiki ke hoʻololi koʻikoʻi i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka methyl cellulose. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai. Inā ʻoi aku ka mahana o ka mortar ma mua o 40 ° C, e hoʻemi nui ʻia ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka methyl cellulose, e hoʻopilikia nui i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mortar.

(4)Methyl cellulosehe hopena koʻikoʻi i ka hana a me ka hui ʻana o ka mortar. 'O ka "adhesiveness" ma 'ane'i e pili ana i ka ikaika ho'opa'a i mana'o 'ia ma waena o ka mea paahana a ka mea hana a me ke pani o ka paia, 'o ia ho'i, ke ku'e'e o ka mortar. He kiʻekiʻe ka adhesiveness, he nui ka pale ʻana o ka mortar, a ʻo ka ikaika i koi ʻia e ka poʻe hana i ka hana o ka hoʻohana ʻana he nui nō hoʻi, a ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka mortar he ʻilihune. ʻO ka hui ʻana o ka methyl cellulose ma kahi pae waena i nā huahana cellulose ether.

Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose:

ʻO ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kahi ʻano cellulose e piʻi wikiwiki ana ka hoʻopuka a me ka hoʻohana ʻana. He cellulose non-ionic i hui ʻia eter i hana ʻia mai ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe ma hope o ka alkalization, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka propylene oxide a me ka methyl chloride ma ke ʻano he etherification agent, ma o ke ʻano o nā hopena. ʻO ka pae o ka hoʻololi ʻana he 1.2-2.0. ʻOkoʻa kona mau waiwai ma muli o ka ratio o ka methoxyl content i ka hydroxypropyl content.

(1) Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i ka wai anuanu, a e loaʻa iā ia nā pilikia i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wai wela. Akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o ka gelation i ka wai wela ma mua o ka methyl cellulose. Hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka solubility i ka wai anuanu ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka methyl cellulose.

(2) ʻO ka viscosity o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e pili ana i kona kaumaha mole, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaumaha mole, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity. Hoʻopili ka mahana i kona viscosity, i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana, emi ka viscosity. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka mana o kona viscosity kiʻekiʻe a me ka mahana ma mua o ka methyl cellulose. Paʻa kona hopena ke mālama ʻia ma ka lumi wela.

(3) ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e pili ana i kona nui hoʻohui, viscosity, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai ma lalo o ka nui hoʻohui like ma mua o ka methyl cellulose.

(4)Hydroxypropyl methylcellulosepaʻa i ka waikawa a me ka alkali, a ʻo kona ʻano wai paʻa loa i ka pae o ka pH = 2 ~ 12. He liʻiliʻi ka hopena o ka soda a me ka wai lime i kāna hana, akā hiki i ka alkali ke wikiwiki i kona hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a hoʻonui iki i kona viscosity. ʻO ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose paʻa i nā paʻakai maʻamau, akā inā kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakai paʻakai, piʻi ka viscosity o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution.

(5) Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me nā pūhui polymer hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai e hana i kahi ʻano like ʻole a ʻoi aku ka viscosity solution. E like me ka waiʻona polyvinyl, starch ether, mea ʻai meaʻai, etc.

(6) He ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka enzyme hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ma mua o ka methylcellulose, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia e nā enzyme ma mua o ka methylcellulose.

(7) ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mortar ma mua o ka methylcellulose.

Hydroxyethyl cellulose:

Hana ʻia ia mai ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe i mālama ʻia me ka alkali, a hana ʻia me ka ethylene oxide ma ke ʻano he etherification agent i mua o ka isopropanol. ʻO ka pae o ka hoʻololi ʻana he 1.5-2.0. Loaʻa iā ia ka hydrophilicity ikaika a maʻalahi ke komo i ka wai.

(1) Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hydroxyethyl cellulose i ka wai anuanu, akā paʻakikī ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai wela. Paʻa kona hopena i ka wela kiʻekiʻe me ka ʻole o ka gelling. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi ma lalo o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela i ka mortar, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kona paʻa wai ma mua o ka methyl cellulose.

(2) He kūpaʻa ka Hydroxyethyl cellulose i ka waikawa maʻamau a me ka alkali, a hiki i ka alkali ke hoʻolalelale i kona hemo a hoʻonui iki i kona viscosity. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kona dispersibility i ka wai ma mua o ka methyl cellulose a me ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.

(3) He hana anti-sag maikaʻi ka Hydroxyethyl cellulose no ka mortar, akā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka manawa hoʻomaha no ka sima.

(4) He haʻahaʻa loa ka hana o ka hydroxyethyl cellulose i hana ʻia e kekahi mau ʻoihana kūloko ma mua o ka methyl cellulose ma muli o kona kiʻekiʻe o ka wai a me ka nui o ka lehu.

(5) He mea koʻikoʻi ka malili o ka wai wai o ka hydroxyethyl cellulose. Ma kahi mahana ma kahi o 40°C, hiki mai ka malili i loko o 3 a 5 mau lā, e hoʻopilikia i kāna hana.

Carboxymethyl cellulose:

Hana ʻia ʻo Lonic cellulose ether mai nā fiber maoli (ka pulupulu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka alkali, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sodium monochloroacetate ma ke ʻano he etherification agent, a ke hana nei i kahi ʻano o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana he 0.4 ~ 1.4, a ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia kāna hana e ka pae o ka hoʻololi.

(1) ʻOi aku ka hygroscopic o Carboxymethyl cellulose, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai ke mālama ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau.

(2) Carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution ʻaʻole ia e hana i ka gel, a emi ka viscosity me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana. Ke piʻi ka mahana ma mua o 50 ° C, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia ka viscosity.

(3) Hoʻopilikia nui ʻia kona kūpaʻa e ka pH. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka mortar gypsum-based, akā ʻaʻole i ka mortar sima. Ke loaʻa ka alkaline, e nalowale ka viscosity.

(4) He haʻahaʻa loa kona paʻa wai ma mua o ka methyl cellulose. He hopena hoʻopaneʻe ia i ka mortar gypsum-based a hoʻemi i kona ikaika. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai o ka carboxymethyl cellulose ma mua o ka methyl cellulose.

Cellulose Alkyl Etera:

ʻO ka methyl cellulose a me ka ethyl cellulose. I ka hana ʻenehana, hoʻohana maʻamau ka methyl chloride a i ʻole ethyl chloride ma ke ʻano he etherification agent, a penei ka hopena:

Ma ka papa kuhikuhi, hōʻike ʻo R iā CH3 a i ʻole C2H5. ʻAʻole pili wale ka neʻe ʻana o ka alkali i ke ʻano o ka etherification, akā pili pū kekahi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā alkyl halides. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka alkali, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hydrolysis o ka alkyl halide. I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka etherifying agent, pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻike alkali. Eia nō naʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe loa ka ʻike alkali, hoʻemi ʻia ka hopena pehu o ka cellulose, ʻaʻole kūpono i ka hopena etherification, a no laila e hoʻemi ʻia ke degere o ka etherification. No kēia kumu, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka lye concentrated a i ʻole ka lye paʻa i ka wā o ka hopena. Pono ka mea hoʻoheheʻe i kahi mea hoʻonā maikaʻi a hoʻowaliwali i hiki ke puʻunaue like ʻia ka alkali. Methyl cellulose ua hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me ka mānoanoa, adhesive a me ka pale colloid etc. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka dispersant no ka polymerization emulsion, kahi dispersant hoʻopaʻa no nā hua, kahi slurry textile, mea hoʻohui no ka meaʻai a me nā mea hoʻonaninani, kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, kahi lāʻau hoʻopaʻa lāʻau, a hoʻohana ʻia i ka pena latex, ka paʻi ʻana i ka ʻīnika a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka latex pena i loko o ka paʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cera. ikaika, etc. ʻO nā huahana Ethyl cellulose he ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke maʻalahi, pale wela a me ke anuanu. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka ethyl cellulose haʻahaʻa i loko o ka wai a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i nā hopena alkaline, a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā huahana kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka hapa nui o nā solvents organik. He kūpono maikaʻi me nā resins a me nā plasticizers. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā plastics, films, varnishes, adhesives, latex a me nā mea uhi no nā lāʻau lapaʻau. hui hydroxyalkyl.

Cellulose Hydroxyalkyl Ether:

ʻO nā mea i koho ʻia he hydroxyethyl cellulose a me hydroxypropyl cellulose. ʻO nā mea etherifying nā epoxide e like me ka ethylene oxide a me ka propylene oxide. E hoʻohana i ka ʻakika a i ʻole ka base e like me ka catalyst. ʻO ka hana ʻoihana e hana i ka cellulose alkali me ka etherification agent:hydroxyethyl celluloseme ka waiwai pani kiʻekiʻe hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai anuanu a me ka wai wela. ʻO ka hydroxypropyl cellulose me ka waiwai pani kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe wale ʻia i ka wai anuanu akā ʻaʻole i ka wai wela. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Hydroxyethyl cellulose ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa no ka uhi ʻana i ka latex, ka paʻi textile a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i nā pāpaʻi, nā mea nui pepa, nā mea hoʻopili a me nā colloids pale. Ua like ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl cellulose me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Hydroxypropyl cellulose me ka waiwai hoʻololi haʻahaʻa ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke loaʻa nā waiwai paʻa a hoʻopau.

ʻO Carboxymethyl cellulose, ka ʻōlelo Pelekane CMC, ma ke ʻano o ka paʻakai sodium. ʻO ka mea etherifying he monochloroacetic acid, a penei ka hopena:

ʻO Carboxymethyl cellulose ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka wai-soluble cellulose ether. I ka wā ma mua, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me ka wili ʻana i ka lepo, akā i kēia manawa ua hoʻonui ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka additive o ka detergent, ka lole slurry, ka pena latex, ka uhi ʻana o ka pahu pahu a me ka pepa, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka polyanionic cellulose (PAC) he ionic cellulose ether a he huahana pani kiʻekiʻe no ka carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). He keʻokeʻo, keʻokeʻo a i ʻole ka melemele liʻiliʻi a i ʻole granule, non-toxic, tasteless, maʻalahi e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai e hana i kahi hoʻonā māmā me kekahi viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wela a me ka paʻakai paʻakai, a me nā waiwai antibacterial ikaika. ʻAʻohe pulu a me ka pōʻino. Loaʻa iā ia nā hiʻohiʻona o ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana, a me ka hāʻawi like ʻana o nā mea pani. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka binder, thickener, rheology modifier, fluid loss reducer, suspension stabilizer, etc. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka polyanionic cellulose (PAC) i nā ʻoihana āpau kahi hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia CMC, hiki ke hoʻemi nui i ka dosage, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻohana ʻana, hāʻawi i ka paʻa maikaʻi a hoʻokō i nā koi kaʻina kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO Cyanoethyl cellulose ka hopena hopena o ka cellulose a me ka acrylonitrile ma lalo o ka catalysis o ka alkali.

Loaʻa i ka cyanoethyl cellulose kahi dielectric kiʻekiʻe a me ka helu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he resin matrix no nā kukui phosphor a me electroluminescent. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka cyanoethyl cellulose haʻahaʻa e like me ka pepa insulating no nā mea hoʻololi.

Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā etera waiʻona momona kiʻekiʻe, nā alkenyl ethers, a me nā etera ʻona ʻala o cellulose, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau o ka cellulose ether i ke ʻano o ka wai, ke ʻano solvent, ke ʻano kneading, ke ʻano slurry, ke ʻano gas-solid, ke ʻano wai wai a me ka hui pū ʻana o nā ʻano i luna.

5.Preparation kumu:

Hoʻopiha ʻia ka pulp α-cellulose kiʻekiʻe me ka hopena alkaline e pehu ai e hoʻopau i nā paʻa hydrogen hou aʻe, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka diffusion o nā reagents a hoʻohua i ka cellulose alkali, a laila e hana me ka etherification agent e loaʻa ai ka cellulose ether. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe i nā halides hydrocarbon (a i ʻole sulfates), epoxides, a me α a me β pūhui unsaturated me nā mea ʻae uila.

6.Basic hana:

Pāʻani koʻikoʻi nā admixtures i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mortar maloʻo, a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 40% o ke kumu kūʻai o ka mortar maloʻo. Hāʻawi ʻia kahi ʻāpana nui o ka admixture i ka mākeke kūloko e nā mea hana haole, a hāʻawi pū ʻia ka ʻōlelo kuhikuhi o ka huahana e ka mea hoʻolako. ʻO ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana mortar maloʻo, a he paʻakikī ke hoʻolaha ʻana i ka masonry maʻamau a me ka plastering mortar me ka nui a me ka laulā. Hoʻomalu ʻia nā huahana mākeke kiʻekiʻe e nā hui ʻē aʻe, a he haʻahaʻa ka loaʻa kālā o nā mea hana mortar maloʻo a me ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi ʻole; ʻaʻohe o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hui pū me ka noiʻi ʻōnaehana, a hahai makapō i nā ʻano ʻōlelo haole.

ʻO ka mea hoʻopaʻa wai he mea hoʻohui nui e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar maloʻo maloʻo, a ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hoʻohui nui e hoʻoholo ai i ke kumukūʻai o nā mea mortar maloʻo. ʻO ka hana nui o ka cellulose ether ka mālama ʻana i ka wai.

ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi huaʻōlelo maʻamau no nā huahana i hana ʻia e ka hopena o ka cellulose alkali a me ka etherifying agent ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana. Hoʻololi ʻia ka alkali cellulose e nā mea etherifying ʻokoʻa e loaʻa ai nā ether cellulose ʻokoʻa. Ma muli o nā waiwai ionization o nā mea pani, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā cellulose ethers i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: ionic (e like me carboxymethyl cellulose) a me ka nonionic (e like me ka methyl cellulose). Wahi a ke ʻano o ka mea pani, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka cellulose ether i ka monoether (e like me ka methyl cellulose) a me ka ether i hui pū ʻia (e like me ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). E like me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻokoʻa, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka solubility wai (e like me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose) a me ka solvent solubility (e like me ka ethyl cellulose). ʻO ka mortar maloʻo i hui pū ʻia he cellulose hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka cellulose hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ke ʻano koke a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka ʻili.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka hana o ka cellulose ether i ka mortar penei:

(1) Ma hope o kacellulose eterai loko o ka mortar ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, ʻike ʻia ka hāʻawi ʻana a me ka like ʻole o nā mea cementitious i loko o ka ʻōnaehana ma muli o ka hana o ka ʻili, a ʻo ka cellulose ether, ma ke ʻano he colloid pale, "wraps" i nā ʻāpana paʻa a ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi papa o ka lubricating film ma kona ʻaoʻao i waho, e hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana mortar i ʻoi aku ka paʻa, a hoʻomaikaʻi hoʻi i ke kaʻina hana o ka hui ʻana.

(2) Ma muli o kona ʻano mole mole, ʻo ka cellulose ether solution ka mea e maʻalahi ai ka nalo ʻana o ka mortar, a hoʻokuʻu mālie iā ia i kahi manawa lōʻihi, e hāʻawi ana i ka mortar me ka paʻa wai maikaʻi a me ka hana.