He aha nā mea maka nui o ka cellulose?

Cellulose, kekahi o nā mea hoʻohuihui mea ola nui loa ma ka Honua, e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokumu mua i loko o nā paia cell o nā mea kanu. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia polysaccharide paʻakikī me nā ʻāpana hou o nā molekole glucose i hoʻopili pū ʻia, e hana ana i nā kaulahao lōʻihi. ʻO nā kumu kumu nui no ka hana cellulose mai nā kumu mea kanu, ʻo ka pulp lāʻau, ka pulupulu, a me nā ʻano koena mahiʻai.

Laau Pulp:
ʻO ka pulp lāʻau ka mea maʻamau maʻamau no ka hana cellulose, e helu ana i kahi hapa nui o ka hana cellulose honua. Loaʻa ʻia ia mai nā wili lāʻau, ka mea nui i kumu mai nā lāʻau palupalu a me nā kumu lāʻau paʻakikī. ʻO nā kumu lāʻau palupalu e like me ka pine, spruce, a me ka fir ua makemake nui ʻia no ko lākou mau fiber lōʻihi a me ka nui o ka cellulose kiʻekiʻe, e lilo lākou i mea kūpono no ka hana pulp. Hoʻohana pū ʻia nā kumu lāʻau paʻakikī e like me ka birch, eucalyptus, a me ka ʻoka, ʻoiai me nā ʻano hana ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe ma muli o ko lākou mau fiber pōkole a me nā ʻano mea like ʻole.

Wehe ʻia ka pulp lāʻau ma o nā kaʻina hana mechanical a me kemika. I ka wā mua, ʻoki ʻia nā lāʻau a ʻoki ʻia i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana i ka mīkini wili a i ʻole ka lāʻau kemika e hoʻokaʻawale i nā fiber cellulose mai nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka lignin a me ka hemicellulose. Holoi ʻia ka pulp hopena, bleach, a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e loaʻa ai ka maikaʻi cellulose i makemake ʻia no nā noi like ʻole.

pulupulu:
ʻO ka pulupulu, he pulupulu maoli i loaʻa mai nā hua kanu o ka pulupulu, ʻo ia kekahi kumu nui o ka cellulose. Hoʻokumu mua ʻia me ka cellulose kokoke maʻemaʻe, me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ka hemicellulose maʻiʻo. Kaulana ʻia ka pulupulu cellulose no kona maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika, no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana cellulose kiʻekiʻe e like me nā textiles, pepa, a me nā derivatives cellulose.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka unuhi ʻana i ka cellulose mai ka pulupulu e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā fibers mai nā hua pulupulu a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe ma o ke kaʻina hana ginning, hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me ke kāleka. ʻO ka hopena o nā pulupulu pulupulu e hana hou ʻia e wehe i nā mea haumia i koe a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka cellulose no nā noi kikoʻī.

Koena Mahiai:
ʻO nā koena mahiʻai like ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mauʻu, ka ʻuala, ka ʻōpala kulina, nā ʻōpala raiki, a me nā ʻōpala kō, e lilo i mau kumu ʻē aʻe o ka cellulose. ʻO kēia mau koena he mau huahana o nā kaʻina mahiʻai a ʻo ka maʻamau he cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā koena mahiʻai no ka hana cellulose e hāʻawi i nā pono kaiapuni ma o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻōpala a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai hou.

ʻO ka unuhi ʻana o cellulose mai nā koena mahiʻai e pili ana i nā kaʻina hana like me ka hana ʻana i ka pulp lāʻau, me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui, ka mālama ʻana i nā kemika, a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa paha ke ʻano kemika a me ke ʻano o nā koena mahiʻai mai ka lāʻau, pono e hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻāpana e hoʻonui i ka hua a me ka maikaʻi o ka cellulose.

Algae:
ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me ka pulp lāʻau, ka pulupulu, a me nā koena mahiʻai, aia kekahi mau ʻano algae i ka cellulose a ua ʻimi ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu kūpono no ka hana cellulose. Hāʻawi ʻo Algal cellulose i nā mea maikaʻi e like me ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana, ka nui o ka cellulose content, a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻāina a me ka wai i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kanu terrestrial.

ʻO ka unuhi ʻana i ka cellulose mai nā algae ka mea maʻamau i ka wāwahi ʻana i nā paia cellulose e hoʻokuʻu i nā fiber cellulose, a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka hana ʻana no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea cellulose hoʻohana. Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i ka hana cellulose ma muli o ka algae, me ka manaʻo e hoʻomohala i nā ʻano hana hoʻomau a hiki i ka hoʻokele waiwai no ka hana nui.

nā mea maka nui ocellulosee komo pū me ka pulp lāʻau, ka pulupulu, nā koena mahiʻai, a me ka liʻiliʻi loa, kekahi mau ʻano limu. Ke hana nei kēia mau mea maka i nā ʻano hana like ʻole e unuhi a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka cellulose, e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he mea nui a koʻikoʻi i ka nui o nā noi ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana, me ka hana pepa, textiles, pharmaceuticals, food products, and biofuels. Ke hoʻomau nei nā ʻenehana hoʻomohala hoʻomau a me nā ʻenehana hana hou i ka holomua i ka hana cellulose, hoʻonui i ka pono, hōʻemi i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā noi kūpono o kēia waiwai kūlohelohe.