I loko o ka mīkini paʻipaʻi mākaukau, ka hoʻohui nui ocellulose eterahe haʻahaʻa loa, akā hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hana o ka mortar pulu, a he mea hoʻohui nui ia e pili ana i ka hana hana o ka mortar. ʻO ke koho kūpono o nā cellulose ethers o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, nā viscosities like ʻole, nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa like ʻole, nā degere like ʻole o ka viscosity a me nā nui i hoʻohui ʻia e loaʻa i ka hopena maikaʻi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o ka mortar pauka maloʻo.
I kēia manawa, nui ʻole ka hana ʻana o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai i ka nui o nā masonry a me ka plastering morta, a e kaʻawale ka slurry wai ma hope o kekahi mau minuke o ke kū ʻana. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wai he hana koʻikoʻi ia o ka methyl cellulose ether, a he hana hoʻi ia i ka nui o nā mea hana mortar maloʻo maloʻo, ʻoi aku ka poʻe ma nā ʻāpana hema me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka hopena paʻa wai o ka mortar hui maloʻo, ʻo ia ka nui o ka MC i hoʻohui ʻia, ka viscosity o MC, ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana a me ka mahana o ka hoʻohana ʻana.
1. Manao
ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi polymer synthetic i hana ʻia mai ka cellulose kūlohelohe ma o ka hoʻololi kemika. ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi hua o ka cellulose maoli. ʻOkoʻa ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose ether mai nā polymers synthetic. ʻO kāna mea nui loa he cellulose, kahi hui polymer maoli. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka cellulose kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe hiki i ka cellulose pono ke hana me nā mea etherification. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka mea hoʻohuhū, ua luku ʻia nā paʻa hydrogen ikaika ma waena o nā kaulahao molekala a me nā kaulahao, a lilo ka hoʻokuʻu ikaika o ka hui hydroxyl i cellulose alkali reactive. E kiʻi i ka cellulose ether.
ʻO nā waiwai o ka cellulose ethers e pili ana i ke ʻano, ka helu a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea pani. Hoʻokumu pū ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā cellulose ethers ma ke ʻano o nā substituents, degere o ka etherification, solubility a me nā waiwai noi pili. E like me ke ʻano o nā substituent ma ke kaulahao mole, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka monoether a me ka ether hui. Hoʻohana maʻamau mākou i ka MC ma ke ʻano he monoether, a me ka PMC ma ke ʻano he ether hui ʻia. ʻO ka methyl cellulose ether MC ka huahana ma hope o ka pūʻulu hydroxyl ma ka pūʻulu glucose o ka cellulose maoli i pani ʻia e ka hui methoxy. He huahana ia i loaʻa ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka pūʻulu hydroxyl ma ka hui me kahi pūʻulu methoxy a me kahi ʻāpana me kahi hui hydroxypropyl. ʻO ke kumu hoʻolālā ʻo [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3)m[OCH2CH(OH)CH3]n]x Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, ʻo ia nā ʻano nui i hoʻohana nui ʻia a kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke.
Ma ke ʻano o ka solubility, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka ionic a me ka non-ionic. ʻO nā etera cellulose non-ionic hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai ka mea nui i haku ʻia me ʻelua pūʻulu o nā alkyl ethers a me hydroxyalkyl ethers. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Ionic CMC i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe synthetic, paʻi lole a me ke kala, ʻimi ʻai a me ka ʻaila. ʻO ka non-ionic MC, PMC, HEMC, a me nā mea'ē aʻe i hoʻohana nuiʻia i nā mea kūkulu hale, nā latex coatings, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kinikona o kēlā me kēia lā, a me nā mea'ē aʻe.
2. Paʻa wai o ka cellulose ether
Ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o cellulose ether: I ka hana ʻana i nā mea kūkulu hale, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pauka maloʻo maloʻo, cellulose ether ka hana i hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hana ʻana i ka mortar kūikawā (modified mortar), he mea nui a koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi o ka wai-soluble cellulose ether i loko o ka mortar he ʻekolu mau ʻano, ʻo kekahi ka mana paʻa wai maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe ka mana i ka kūlike a me ka thixotropy o ka mortar, a ʻo ke kolu ka pilina me ka sima. ʻO ka hopena paʻa wai o ka cellulose ether e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka wai o ka papa kumu, ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mortar, ka mānoanoa o ka mortar layer, ke koi wai o ka mortar, a me ka manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka mea hoʻonohonoho. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o cellulose ether ponoʻī mai ka solubility a me ka dehydration o cellulose ether ponoʻī. E like me kā mākou i ʻike ai, ʻoiai ʻo ka cellulose molecular chain ka nui o nā pūʻulu OH hydratable, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, no ka mea, he kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka crystallinity o ka hale cellulose.
ʻAʻole lawa ka hiki hydration o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl wale nō e uhi i nā paʻa hydrogen ikaika a me nā kaha van der Waals ma waena o nā mole. No laila, pehu wale ia akā ʻaʻole hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea pani i loko o ke kaulahao molekala, ʻaʻole ʻo ka mea pani wale nō e hoʻopau i ke kaulahao hydrogen, akā ua luku ʻia hoʻi ka pilina hydrogen interchain ma muli o ka wili ʻana o ka mea pani ma waena o nā kaulahao pili. ʻO ka nui o ka mea pani, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mamao ma waena o nā mole. ʻOi aku ka mamao. ʻO ka nui o ka hopena o ka luku ʻana i nā paʻa hydrogen, lilo ka cellulose ether i ka wai-soluble ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka lattice cellulose a komo ka hopena, e hana ana i kahi hopena kiʻekiʻe-viscosity. Ke piʻi ka mahana, nāwaliwali ka hydration o ka polymer, a kipaku ʻia ka wai ma waena o nā kaulahao. I ka lawa ʻana o ka hopena dehydration, hoʻomaka nā molekala e hōʻuluʻulu, e hana ana i kahi gel hoʻonohonoho ʻoihana ʻekolu-dimensional a pelu ʻia. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar, ʻo ia ka viscosity o cellulose ether, ka nui i hoʻohui ʻia, ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana a me ka mahana hoʻohana.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka viscosity o cellulose ether, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana paʻa wai. ʻO ka viscosity kahi mea koʻikoʻi o ka hana MC. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nā mea hana MC ʻokoʻa i nā ʻano a me nā mea hana like ʻole e ana i ka viscosity o MC. ʻO nā ala nui ʻo Haake Rotovisko, Hoppler, Ubbelohde a me Brookfield. No ka huahana like, ʻokoʻa loa nā hopena viscosity i ana ʻia e nā ʻano hana like ʻole, a ua pālua ʻia kekahi. No laila, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka viscosity, pono e hana ʻia ma waena o nā ʻano hoʻokolohua like, me ka mahana, rotor, etc.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena paʻa wai. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kaumaha molekala o MC, ʻo ka emi ʻana o kona solubility e loaʻa i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka ikaika a me ka hana ʻana o ka mortar. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena mānoanoa ma ka mortar, akā ʻaʻole pololei ia. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka viscous o ka mortar pulu, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana, ʻike ʻia ʻo ia e pili ana i ka scraper a me ka hoʻopili kiʻekiʻe i ka substrate. Akā ʻaʻole kōkua ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka mortar pulu ponoʻī. I ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana, ʻaʻole maopopo ka hana anti-sag. Ma kahi ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika o ka mortar pulu.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka cellulose ether i hoʻohui ʻia i ka mortar, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana paʻa wai, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana paʻa wai.
E pili ana i ka nui o ka ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai. Ma hope o ka hui ʻana o nā ʻāpana nui o ka cellulose ether me ka wai, e hoʻoheheʻe koke ka ʻili a hana i kahi gel e hoʻopili ai i ka mea e pale ai i nā molekala wai mai ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka infiltrate. I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopuehu like ʻia a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi, e hana ana i kahi hopena flocculent ao a i ʻole agglomeration. Hoʻopilikia nui ia i ka paʻa wai o ka cellulose ether, a ʻo ka solubility kekahi o nā kumu no ke koho ʻana i ka cellulose ether.
ʻO ka maikaʻi kekahi mea nui o ka methyl cellulose ether. ʻO ka MC i hoʻohana ʻia no ka pauka maloʻo maloʻo pono e lilo i pauka, me ka wai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ʻo ka fineness hoʻi e koi ai i ka 20% ~ 60% o ka nui o ka nui ma lalo o 63um. Hoʻopili ka fineness i ka solubility o ka methyl cellulose ether. He mea maʻamau ka MC Coarse, a he maʻalahi ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai me ka ʻole o ka agglomeration, akā lohi loa ka dissolution rate, no laila ʻaʻole kūpono ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lepo maloʻo. I loko o ka lepo lepo maloʻo, ua hoʻopuehu ʻia ʻo MC ma waena o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e like me ka aggregate, ka mea hoʻopiha maikaʻi a me ka sima, a ʻo ka pauka maikaʻi wale nō e hiki ke pale i ka methyl cellulose ether agglomeration i ka hui ʻana me ka wai. Ke hoʻohui ʻia ʻo MC me ka wai e hoʻoheheʻe i nā agglomerates, paʻakikī loa ka hoʻopuehu a hoʻoheheʻe.
ʻAʻole hoʻopau wale ka maikaʻi o ka MC, akā e hōʻemi ana i ka ikaika kūloko o ka mortar. Ke hoʻohana ʻia kēlā ʻano mea maloʻo maloʻo ma kahi ākea, e hoʻemi nui ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka lepo maloʻo kūloko, a e ʻike ʻia nā māwae ma muli o nā manawa hoʻōla ʻokoʻa. No ka mortar sprayed me ka hana mechanical, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke koi no ka fineness ma muli o ka pōkole o ka hui ʻana. ʻO ka maikaʻi o MC kekahi hopena i kona paʻa wai. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, no ka methyl cellulose ethers me ka like viscosity akā ʻokoʻa ka fineness, ma lalo o ka huina hoʻohui like, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena paʻa wai.
ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o MC pili pū me ka mahana i hoʻohana ʻia, a ke emi nei ka paʻa wai o ka methyl cellulose ether me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana. Eia nō naʻe, ma nā noi waiwai maoli, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka mīkini pauka maloʻo i nā substrate wela i nā wela kiʻekiʻe (ʻoi aku ma mua o 40 degere) i nā wahi he nui, e like me ka pā waho o ka pā putty plastering ma lalo o ka lā i ke kauwela, e wikiwiki pinepine ai ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka sima a me ka paʻakikī o ka lepo maloʻo. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai e alakaʻi i ka manaʻo maopopo e pili ana ka hana a me ka pale ʻana i ka māwae, a he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia e hōʻemi i ka mana o nā mea wela ma lalo o kēia ʻano.
ʻOiaimethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose etherʻO nā mea hoʻohui i kēia manawa i manaʻo ʻia aia ma ke alo o ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana, ʻo kā lākou hilinaʻi ʻana i ka mahana e alakaʻi mau i ka nāwaliwali o ka hana o ka pauka maloʻo maloʻo. ʻOiai ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (ke kumu kauwela), ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō i nā pono o ka hoʻohana. Ma o kekahi hana kūikawā ma ka MC, e like me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka etherification, a me nā mea'ē aʻe, hiki ke mālamaʻia ka hopena o ka mālamaʻana i ka wai i kahi mahana kiʻekiʻe, i hiki ai ke hāʻawi i ka hana maikaʻi ma lalo o nā kūlana paʻakikī.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-28-2024