ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi papa nui o nā pūhui polymer, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka meaʻai a me nā māla ʻē aʻe. I waena o lākou, ʻo HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), MC (methylcellulose), HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose) a me CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) ʻehā mau cellulose ethers maʻamau.
Methyl cellulose (MC):
Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka MC i ka wai anuanu a paʻakikī ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai wela. Paʻa loa ka hopena wai i ka pae o ka pH = 3 ~ 12, hiki ke hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia, a hiki ke hui pū ʻia me nā ʻano surfactants e like me ka starch a me ka guar gum. Ke piʻi ka mahana i ka mahana gelation, puka ka gelation.
ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o MC ma muli o kona nui hoʻohui, viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka helu dissolution. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai inā nui ka hoʻohui ʻana, maikaʻi nā ʻāpana a kiʻekiʻe ka viscosity. Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻohui i ka hopena nui loa i ka pae paʻa wai, a ʻaʻole kūlike ka pae viscosity i ka pae paʻa wai. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka pae hoʻololi o ka ʻili a me ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana cellulose.
Hoʻololi koʻikoʻi ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mahana i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o MC. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai. Inā ʻoi aku ka mahana o ka mortar ma mua o 40 ° C, e hoʻemi nui ʻia ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o MC, e hoʻopilikia nui i ka hana hana o ka mortar.
He hopena koʻikoʻi ka MC i ka hana kūkulu ʻana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka mortar. Ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ka "adhesion" e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana ma waena o nā mea hana hana a ka mea hana a me ka substrate o ka pā, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka pale ʻana o ka mortar. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hoʻopili ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka mortar, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikaika i koi ʻia e ka mea hana i ka wā e hoʻohana ai, a me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hana ʻana o ka mortar. Aia ka adhesion o MC ma kahi pae waena ma waena o nā huahana cellulose ether.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC):
Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka HPMC i ka wai, akā paʻakikī paha ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai wela. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o ka gelation i ka wai wela ma mua o ka MC, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona solubility i ka wai anuanu ma mua o ka MC.
Pili ka viscosity o HPMC i ke kaumaha mole, a he kiʻekiʻe ka viscosity i ka nui o ke kaumaha mole. Hoʻopili pū ka mahana i kona viscosity, a emi ka viscosity i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka mahana i emi ai ka viscosity ma mua o ka MC. Paʻa kona hopena i ka mahana wela.
ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o HPMC e pili ana i ka nui o ka hoʻohui a me ka viscosity, a pēlā aku.
Paʻa ka HPMC i nā waikawa a me nā alkalis, a paʻa loa kona hopena wai i ka pae pH o 2 ~ 12. ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi ka hopena o ka soda a me ka wai lime i kāna hana, akā hiki i ka alkali ke hoʻolalelale i kona helu hemo a hoʻonui i ka viscosity. Paʻa ka HPMC i nā paʻakai maʻamau, akā ke kiʻekiʻe ka neʻe ʻana o ka hopena paʻakai, piʻi ka viscosity o ka solution HPMC.
Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka HPMC me nā pūhui polymer hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai e hana i kahi ʻano like, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka viscosity solution, e like me ka polyvinyl alcohol, starch ether, vegetable gum, etc.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka HPMC ma mua o ka MC, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kāna hopena i ka degradation enzymatic ma mua o MC. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pili ʻana o ka HPMC i ka pahū ma mua o MC.
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC):
Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka HEC i ka wai anuanu a paʻakikī ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai wela. Paʻa ka hopena i ka wela kiʻekiʻe a ʻaʻohe waiwai gel. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka mortar no ka manawa lōʻihi i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kona paʻa wai ma mua o MC.
He paʻa ka HEC i nā ʻakika maʻamau a me ka alkali, hiki i ka alkali ke hoʻolōʻihi i kona hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a hoʻonui iki i ka viscosity, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kona dispersibility i ka wai i ka MC a me HPMC.
He hana hoʻokuʻu maikaʻi ʻo HEC no ka mortar, akā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lohi ʻana o ka sima.
ʻO ka HEC i hana ʻia e kekahi mau ʻoihana home he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka MC ma muli o ka nui o ka wai a me ka lehu.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC):
ʻO ka CMC kahi ionic cellulose ether i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e kahi ʻano o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o nā fiber maoli (e like me ka pulupulu) me ka alkali a hoʻohana ʻia ka waikawa chloroacetic ma ke ʻano he etherifying agent. Aia ma waena o 0.4 a me 1.4 ka degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana, a ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia kāna hana e ka degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana.
Loaʻa i ka CMC ka mānoanoa a me ka emulsification stabilization hopena, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea inu i loaʻa i ka aila a me ka protein e pāʻani i kahi kūlana emulsification stabilization.
He hopena paʻa wai ka CMC. I nā huahana ʻiʻo, ka berena, nā ʻōpala mahu a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ia ke pāʻani i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻiʻo, a hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka wai, hoʻonui i ka hua, a hoʻonui i ka ʻono.
He hopena gelling ka CMC a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka jelly a me ka jam.
Hiki i ka CMC ke hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma ka ʻili o ka meaʻai, he hopena pale i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu.
Loaʻa i kēia mau cellulose ethers ko lākou mau waiwai ponoʻī a me nā wahi noi. Pono e hoʻoholo ʻia ke koho ʻana i nā huahana kūpono e like me nā koi noi kikoʻī a me nā kūlana kaiapuni.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-29-2024