He nīnau wikiwiki e pili ana i ka cellulose ethers

He hui like ʻole nā ​​cellulose ethers o nā pūhui kemika i loaʻa mai ka cellulose, ʻo ia ka polymer organik nui loa ma ka Honua. Ua loaʻa kēia mau pūhui i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā ʻoihana like ʻole ma muli o kā lākou mau waiwai kūʻokoʻa a me nā noi versatile.

Huina a me na waiwai oNā Etera Cellulose
ʻO ka cellulose, he polysaccharide me nā ʻāpana glucose hou i hoʻopili ʻia e nā mea paʻa glycosidic β(1→4), e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he mea hana mua i loko o nā paia cell o nā mea kanu. Hoʻopili ʻia nā eter cellulose e ka hoʻololi kemika i nā pūʻulu hydroxyl (-OH) i loaʻa i loko o ka molekole cellulose. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau o ka cellulose ethers he methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), a me ka ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC).

ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl i cellulose me nā pūʻulu hana like ʻole e hoʻololi i nā waiwai o ka hopena cellulose ethers. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā pūʻulu methyl e hoʻonui ai i ka solubility wai a me nā waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, e kūpono ana i ka MC no nā noi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā huahana meaʻai, a me nā mea hana. Pēlā nō, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā pūʻulu hydroxyethyl a i ʻole hydroxypropyl e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, ka mana mānoanoa, a me ka hoʻopili ʻana, e hana ana i ka HEC a me HPC i nā mea hoʻohui waiwai i nā huahana mālama pilikino, nā pena, a me nā mea hoʻopili. ʻO Carboxymethyl cellulose, i hana ʻia e ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā pūʻulu hydroxyl me nā hui carboxymethyl, hōʻike i ka paʻa wai maikaʻi loa, kūpaʻa, a me nā waiwai mānoanoa, e hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana meaʻai, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui wai wili i ka ʻaila a me ka ʻāpana kinoea.

ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana (DS), e hōʻike ana i ka helu awelika o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl i hoʻololi ʻia i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana glucose i loko o ka cellulose, e hoʻoikaika nui i nā waiwai o cellulose ethers. Hoʻonui pinepine ʻia nā waiwai DS kiʻekiʻe i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka solubility, viscosity, a me ka paʻa, akā hiki i ka hoʻololi nui ʻana ke hoʻololi i ka biodegradability a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i makemake ʻia o cellulose ethers.

Hoʻohui ʻia o nā Cellulose Ethers
ʻO ka synthesis o cellulose ethers e pili ana i nā hopena kemika e hoʻokomo i nā pūʻulu pani ma luna o ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose. ʻO kekahi o nā ala maʻamau no ka hana ʻana i nā cellulose ethers ʻo ia ka etherification o cellulose me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā reagents kūpono ma lalo o nā kūlana i hoʻomalu ʻia.

No ka laʻana, ʻo ka synthesis o ka methyl cellulose e pili ana i ka hopena o ka cellulose me ka alkali metala hydroxides e hoʻohua ai i ka cellulose alkali, a ukali ʻia me ka methyl chloride a i ʻole dimethyl sulfate e hoʻokomo i nā pūʻulu methyl ma ke kaulahao cellulose. Pēlā nō, hoʻohui ʻia ka hydroxypropyl cellulose a me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose ma ka hana ʻana i ka cellulose me ka propylene oxide a i ʻole ethylene oxide, i mua o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe alkali.

Hana ʻia ʻo Carboxymethyl cellulose ma o ka hopena o ka cellulose me ka sodium hydroxide a me ka waikawa chloroacetic a i ʻole kona paʻakai sodium. Hana ʻia ke kaʻina hana carboxymethylation ma o ka hoʻololi nucleophilic, kahi e hana ai ka pūʻulu hydroxyl o cellulose me ka waikawa chloroacetic e hana i kahi pilina carboxymethyl ether.

Pono ka synthesis o nā cellulose ethers i ka mālama pono ʻana i nā kūlana hopena, e like me ka mahana, ka pH, a me ka manawa pane, e hoʻokō i ke kiʻekiʻe makemake o ka hoʻololi a me nā waiwai huahana. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe e wehe i nā huahana a me nā haumia, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka maikaʻi a me ka kūlike o nā cellulose ethers.

Nā noi o nā Cellulose Ethers
Loaʻa nā cellulose ethers i nā noi ākea ma waena o nā ʻoihana like ʻole ma muli o kā lākou mau waiwai a me nā hana. ʻO kekahi o nā noi nui:

ʻOihana meaʻai:Cellulose etherse like me ka carboxymethyl cellulose e hoʻohana mau ʻia e like me nā mea mānoanoa, stabilizers, a me nā emulsifiers i nā huahana meaʻai e like me nā meaʻai, nā lole, a me nā ice cream. Hoʻomaikaʻi lākou i ke ʻano, viscosity, a me ka paʻa o ka papa i ka wā e hoʻonui ai i ka waha a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ʻono.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka methyl cellulose a me ka hydroxypropyl cellulose i nā hana lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa, disintegrants, a me nā mea hoʻokuʻu i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā papa, nā capsules, a me nā ʻano kumuhana. Hoʻonui kēia mau cellulose ethers i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, bioavailability, a me ka hoʻokō hoʻomanawanui.

Nā Mea Hana Hana: Hoʻohana ʻia ka Methyl cellulose a me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose i ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui i nā mortar sima, plasters, a me nā mea hoʻopili tile e hoʻonui ai i ka hana, ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, a me nā waiwai paʻa. Hoʻonui lākou i ka cohesion, hoʻemi i ka haki ʻana, a hoʻonui i ka hana o nā mea hana.

Nā huahana mālama pilikino: ʻO ka hydroxyethyl cellulose a me ka hydroxypropyl cellulose nā mea maʻamau i loko o nā huahana mālama pilikino e like me nā shampoos, lotions, a me nā ʻaila ma muli o t

o ko lākou mānoanoa, hoʻopaʻa, a hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Hoʻomaikaʻi lākou i ka paʻa ʻana o ka huahana, ke ʻano, a me ka ʻili i ka wā e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻa o ka formulation.

Nā Pena a me nā Paʻi: ʻO nā cellulose ethers e lilo i mea hoʻololi rheology, mānoanoa, a me nā stabilizers i nā pena, nā uhi, a me nā mea hoʻopili, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i nā waiwai noi, nā ʻano kahe, a me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Hoʻonui lākou i ka mana viscosity, sag resistance, a me ka paʻa o ka waihoʻoluʻu i nā ʻano wai.

ʻOihana ʻaila a me ke kinoea: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Carboxymethyl cellulose ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻololi viscosity a me ka mea hoʻokele waiwai hoʻoheheʻe wai i ka ʻeli ʻana i nā wai no ka ʻimi ʻana a me ka hana ʻana. Hoʻomaikaʻi ia i ka rheology wai, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka lua, a me ka paʻa o ka wellbore i ka wā e pale ana i ka pōʻino.

ʻOihana Textile: Hoʻohana ʻia nā cellulose ethers i ka paʻi textile, ka ʻulaʻula, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kaʻina hana e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka wehewehe paʻi, hua kala, a me ka palupalu lole. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa lākou i ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i ka pigment, adhesion i nā fibers, a holoi wikiwiki i nā noi textile.

Cellulose ethershōʻike i kahi hui like ʻole o nā pūhui kemika i loaʻa mai ka cellulose, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ākea o nā waiwai a me nā hana no nā noi ʻoihana like ʻole. Ma o nā hoʻololi kemika i hoʻopaʻa ʻia o ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose, hōʻike nā cellulose ethers i nā hiʻohiʻona makemake e like me ka solubility wai, ka mana viscosity, a me ke kūpaʻa, e hana ana i nā mea hoʻohui waiwai nui i nā ʻoihana mai ka meaʻai a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kūkulu ʻana a me nā textiles. Ke hoʻomau nei ka noi ʻana i nā mea hoʻomau a me nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni, ua mākaukau nā cellulose ethers e hana i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pono e ulu nei o nā ʻoihana hou aʻe e hōʻemi ana i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni.