1. Tikanga ariā
Ka kitea mai i te tauira hanganga kei runga te hauwai (Na+).CMChe tino ngawari ki te wehe i roto i te wairewa wai (te nuinga kei te ahua o te tote konutai), no reira ka noho te CMC i te ahua o te anion i roto i te wairewa wai, ara, he utu kino, he amphoteric. Ina he iti ake te pH o te pūmua i te ira iraoho, ko tona kaha ki te here i te roopu -COO- o te proton he nui ake i te kaha o te roopu -NH3+ ki te koha i te iraoho, na reira he utu pai. I roto i te miraka, 80% o te pūmua he casein, a Ko te ira isoelectric o te casein e tata ana ki te 4.6, me te pH o nga inu miraka waikawa whānui ko te 3.8-4.2, na i raro i nga tikanga waikawa, ka taea te whakahiato te CMC me te miraka miraka ma te kukume utu, te hanga i te hanganga ahua pumau, ka taea te whakauru ki roto i te pūmua Ka hangaia te kiriata tiaki o te microcapule a tawhio noa, ka kiia tenei ko te ahua o te microcapule e hangaia ana.
2. He tauira mo te inu miraka waikawa
(1) Te tauira taketake o te inu miraka waikawa whakahanumi (e ai ki te 1000Kg):
Miraka hou (te paura miraka katoa) 350 (33) Kg
Te huka ma 50Kg
Whakakareka kawa (50 wa) 0.9Kg
CMC 3.5～6Kg
Monoglyceride 0.35Kg
Te konutai 0.8Kg
waikawa citric 3kg
Te waikawa lactic (80%) 1.5Kg
Tuhipoka:
1) Ka taea te whakakapi i te paura miraka e te pūmua hauwai, te pūmua whakahaere ≥ 1%.
2) Ko te waikawa whakamutunga o te hua ka whakahaerehia i te 50-60 ° T.
3) Te totoka whakarewa 7.5% ki te 12%.
(2) tātai inu huakita waikawa lactic (e ai ki te 1000Kg):
Te waiu rewena 350～600Kg
Te huka ma 60Kg
Whakakareka kawa (50 wa) 1Kg
CMC 3.2～8Kg
Monoglyceride 0.35Kg
Konutai citrate 1Kg
Te nui o te waikawa citric
Tuhipoka: Whakamahia te otinga waikawa citric hei whakatika i te kawatanga o te miraka, me te kawatanga whakamutunga o te hua ka whakahaerehia i te 60-70°T.
3. Nga waahanga matua o te kowhiringa CMC
Ko te FH9 me te FH9 Extra High (FVH9) ka tohua mo nga inu miraka pē kua ranu. Ko te FH9 he reka matotoru, a ko te nui o te taapiri ko te 0.35% ki te 0.5%, ko te FH9 Extra High he pai ake te whakamaarama me te whai hua pai ki te whakanui ake i te whakatikatika, me te nui o te taapiri ko te 0.33% ki te 0.45%.
Ko nga inu huakita waikawa lactic i te nuinga o te waa ka whiriwhiri i te FL100, FM9 me te FH9 tino teitei (he mea hanga na te tukanga motuhake). Ko te FL100 te tikanga ka mahia hei hua me te reka matotoru me te roa o te oranga. Ko te moni taapiri he 0.6% ki te 0.8%. Ko FM9 te hua tino whakamahia. He ngawari te rite, a ka taea e te hua te roa ake te oranga o te papa. Ko te moni taapiri he 0.45% ki te 0.6%. Ko te hua o te inu huakita waikawa lactic super-high-grade FH9 he matotoru engari kaore i te hinuhinu, he iti noa te taapiri, he iti te utu. He pai mo te hanga inu huakita waikawa lactic matotoru. , ko te moni taapiri he 0.45% ki te 0.6%.
4. Me pehea te whakamahi CMC
Wehenga oCMC: Ko te kukū te tikanga ka memeha i roto i te wairewa wai o 0.5%-2%. He pai ake te whakakore me te whakaranu tere-tere. I muri i te rewa o te CMC mo te 15-20 meneti, haere i roto i te mira colloid ka whakamatao ki te 20-40°C hei whakamahi i muri mai.
5. Nga tohu hei aro ki te mahi o te inu miraka waikawa
Te kounga o te miraka mata (tae atu ki te miraka hou): te miraka paturopi, te miraka mastitis, te colostrum, me te miraka whakamutunga kaore e pai mo te hanga inu miraka waikawa. Ko nga wahanga pūmua o enei momo miraka e wha kua tino rerekee. Ko te aukati, te aukati waikawa, me te tote tote he ngoikore hoki, ka pa ki te reka o te miraka.
I tua atu, kei roto i enei momo miraka e wha te nui o nga momo e wha o nga whaa (lipase, protease, phosphatase, catalase), he nui ake i te 10% te toenga o enei enzymes ahakoa i te teitei o te teitei o te 140 ℃, ka ora enei enzymes i te wa e rokiroki ai te miraka. I roto i te wa rokiroki, ka puta te miraka he hongi, kawa, kawa, aha atu, ka pa ki te oranga o te hua. Ko te tikanga, ko te 75% te whakamatautau rite te waipiro, te whakamatautau kohua, te pH me te kawatanga titration o te miraka ka taea te whakamahi mo te rapunga whiriwhiri. Ko te miraka mata, ko te whakamatautau waipiro 75% me te whakamatautau koropupu o te miraka noa he kino, ko te pH kei waenganui i te 6.4 me te 6.8, ko te waikawa ≤18°T. Ina he ≥22°T te kawakawa, ka puta te kohu o te pūmua i te wa e kohuatia ana, a ka iti iho te pH i te 6.4, ko te nuinga o te colostrum, te miraka Sourdough ranei, ina ko te pH>6.8 te nuinga o te miraka mastitis me te miraka iti-waikawa ranei.
(1) Nga tohu hei aro ki te mahi o nga inu miraka waikawa whakahanumi
Te takahanga o te miraka: Te takahanga o te miraka hou: Taapirihia te paura miraka ki roto i te wai wera whakakorikori i te 50-60°C (whakahaerehia te inu wai kia neke ake i te 10 nga wa te nui o te paura miraka) ka tino memeha mo te 15-20 meneti (he pai ke te huri ki te colloid) Kia kotahi), whakamatao ki te 40°C mo muri ake.
Whakapaia te otinga CMC kia rite ki te tikanga whakamahi CMC, tāpirihia ki te miraka kua oti te whakarite, whakaohokia pai, katahi ka inehia ki te wai (tangohia te nui o te wai e nohoia ana e te wairewa waikawa).
Me ata, haere tonu, me te taurite te taapiri i te wairewa waikawa ki te miraka, ka aro ki te whakahaere i te wa taapiri waikawa i waenga i te 1.5 me te 2 meneti. Mēnā he roa rawa te wā tāpiri waikawa, ka noho te pūmua ki te ira irahiko mo te roa rawa, ka hua te paheketanga pūmua nui. Mena he poto rawa, he poto rawa te wa whakamararatanga waikawa, he nui rawa te waikawa o te rohe o te miraka, he kino te denaturation pūmua. I tua atu, me tohu ko te mahana o te miraka me te waikawa kia kaua e tiketike rawa ina whakaurua te waikawa, me te pai ki te whakahaere i te 20-25 ° C i waenganui.
Ko te tikanga, ka taea te whakamahi i te pāmahana taiao o te miraka mo te homogenization, a ka whakahaerehia te pehanga i te 18-25Mpa.
Te pāmahana whakamaoritanga: Ko nga hua i muri i te whakamaoritanga ka whakamahi i te 85-90°C mo te 25-30 meneti, me etahi atu hua ka whakamahia te whakamaarama i te pāmahana ultra-tiketike i te 137-140°C mo te 3-5 hēkona.
(2) Nga tohu hei aro ki te mahi o te inu huakita waikawa lactic
Ine i te ihirangi pūmua o te miraka, tāpirihia te paura miraka hei hanga i te pūmua o te miraka i waenga i te 2.9% me te 4.5%, whakaarahia te pāmahana ki te 70-75°C, whakatikahia te pehanga o te homogenizer ki te 18-20Mpa mo te homogenization, ka whakamahi i te 90-95°C, 15- Pasteurize mo te 30 meneti, whakamatao ki te 42-43% te whakamatao ki te 42-43% te whakamatao. whakaoho mo te 10-15 meneti, whakawetohia te whakaoho, ka pupuri i te mahana o te 41-43 ° C mo te FERMENTATION. Ka tae te waikawa o te miraka ki te 85-100°T, ka mutu te fermentation, ka tere te whakamatao ki te 15-20°C e te pereti makariri, katahi ka ringihia ki roto i te ipu hei whakamahi i muri mai.
Mēnā he iti te pūmua i roto i te miraka, ka nui rawa te whey i roto i te miraka fermented, ā, ka māmā noa te puta mai o ngā pūmua. Ko te pasteurization i te 90-95°C he pai ki te whakahekenga ngawari o te pūmua me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te miraka fermented. Mena he iti rawa te pāmahana fermentation, he iti rawa ranei te nui o te inoculum, ka roa rawa te wa FERMENTATION, ka nui rawa te tipu o nga huakita, ka pa ki te reka me te oranga o te hua. Mena he tiketike rawa te pāmahana, he nui rawa ranei te nui o te inoculum, ka tere rawa te fermentation, ka nui ake te paheketanga o te whey, ka puta mai ranei he putunga pūmua, ka pa ki te pumau o te hua. I tua atu, ka taea hoki te kowhiri i nga riaka mo te wa kotahi i te wa e whiriwhiri ana i nga riaka, engari ko nga riaka ngoikore i muri i te waikawa me whiriwhiri i nga mea e taea ana.
Whakataohia teCMCte wai ki te 15-25°C ka uru ki te miraka kia taurite, ka whakamahi i te wai hei hanga i te rōrahi (tangohia te nui o te wai e nohoia ana e te wai waikawa), katahi ka tapirihia te wai waikawa ki te wai miraka kia ata, kia rite tonu (he pai ake te waikawa ma te rehu). Whakanuia pai ka waiho ki te taha.
Ko te tikanga, ka taea te whakamahi i te pāmahana taiao o te miraka mo te homogenization, a ka whakahaerehia te pehanga i te 15-20Mpa.
Te pāmahana whakamaoritanga: te tikanga ka whakamahia e nga hua i muri i te whakamaoritanga te 85-90°C mo te 25-30 meneti, me etahi atu hua ka whakamahia te whakamaarama i te pāmahana ultra-tiketike i te 110-121°C mo te 4-5 hēkona, te 95-105°C mo te 30 hēkona.
Te wa tuku: Apr-25-2024