Dab tsi yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cellulose?

Cellulose, ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov organic tebchaw nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb, ua hauj lwm raws li lub hauv paus structural tivthaiv nyob rau hauv lub cell phab ntsa ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Cov txheej txheem polysaccharide no yog tsim los ntawm kev rov ua dua ntawm cov piam thaj molecules txuas ua ke, tsim cov saw ntev. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov cellulose yog los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, feem ntau yog ntoo pulp, paj rwb, thiab ntau hom kev ua liaj ua teb.

Ntoo Pulp:
Ntoo pulp yog cov khoom siv raw tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov cellulose, suav txog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cellulose thoob ntiaj teb. Nws yog tau los ntawm cov ntoo fibers, feem ntau yog los ntawm softwood thiab hardwood ntoo. Cov ntoo Softwood zoo li ntoo thuv, spruce, thiab fir yog nyiam rau lawv cov fibers ntev thiab cov ntsiab lus cellulose siab, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov khoom siv pulp. Cov ntoo tawv ntoo xws li birch, eucalyptus, thiab ntoo qhib kuj tseem siv tau, txawm hais tias muaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv me ntsis vim lawv cov fibers luv thiab sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv.

Ntoo pulp yog muab rho tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm txhua yam thiab tshuaj. Thaum pib, cav yog debarked thiab chipped rau hauv me me pieces. Cov chips no tom qab ntawd raug rau kev sib tsoo lossis tshuaj kho mob kom cais cov cellulose fibers los ntawm lwm cov khoom xws li lignin thiab hemicellulose. Lub resulting pulp yog ces ntxuav, bleached, thiab refined kom tau qhov xav tau cellulose zoo rau ntau yam kev siv.

Paj rwb:
Paj rwb, ib qho fiber ntau tau los ntawm cov noob ntawm cov paj paj, yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cellulose. Nws yog feem ntau tsim los ntawm yuav luag ntshiab cellulose, nrog tsawg heev lignin thiab hemicellulose cov ntsiab lus. Cov paj rwb cellulose muaj npe nrov rau nws cov purity siab thiab lub zog, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim cov khoom zoo cellulose xws li textiles, ntawv, thiab cellulose derivatives.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rho tawm cellulose los ntawm paj rwb cuam tshuam cov fibers los ntawm cov paj rwb cov noob thiab lwm yam impurities los ntawm ib tug series ntawm ginning, tu, thiab carding txheej txheem. Tom qab ntawd cov paj rwb fibers tau ua tiav ntxiv kom tshem tawm cov impurities ntxiv thiab ua kom cov cellulose zoo rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.

Agricultural Residues:
Ntau yam kev ua liaj ua teb, suav nrog straw, bagasse, pob kws stover, nplej husks, thiab qab zib bagasse, ua lwm qhov chaw ntawm cellulose. Cov residues no yog cov khoom ntawm cov txheej txheem ua liaj ua teb thiab feem ntau muaj cov cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, thiab lwm yam organic compounds. Kev siv cov khoom siv ua liaj ua teb rau kev tsim cov cellulose muaj txiaj ntsig ib puag ncig los ntawm kev txo cov khib nyiab thiab siv cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv mus.

Kev rho tawm ntawm cellulose los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb residues muaj cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws rau kev tsim cov ntoo pulp, suav nrog kev txo qhov loj me, kev kho tshuaj, thiab kho kom zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov qauv ntawm cov khoom ua liaj ua teb yuav txawv ntawm cov ntoo, yuav tsum tau hloov kho hauv cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo dua cellulose yield thiab zoo.

Algae:
Txawm hais tias tsis tau siv dav li ntoo pulp, paj rwb, lossis cov khoom siv ua liaj ua teb, qee hom algae muaj cellulose thiab tau tshawb nrhiav los ua qhov chaw muaj peev xwm tsim cov cellulose. Algal cellulose muaj qhov zoo xws li kev loj hlob sai, cov ntsiab lus cellulose siab, thiab cov av thiab dej tsawg tsawg piv rau cov nroj tsuag hauv av.

Kev rho tawm cellulose los ntawm algae feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev rhuav tshem cov phab ntsa ntawm tes kom tso cov cellulose fibers, ua raws li kev ua kom huv thiab ua kom tau txais cov khoom siv cellulose. Kev tshawb fawb rau algae-raws li cellulose ntau lawm yog ua tsis tu ncua, aiming los tsim kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev lag luam siv tau rau kev tsim khoom loj.

lub ntsiab raw khoom ntawmcellulosesuav nrog ntoo pulp, paj rwb, ua liaj ua teb residues, thiab, kom tsawg dua, qee hom algae. Cov ntaub ntawv nyoos no tau dhau los ua ntau yam txheej txheem los rho tawm thiab kho cov cellulose, uas ua haujlwm ntau yam thiab tseem ceeb hauv ntau hom kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam, suav nrog papermaking, textiles, pharmaceuticals, khoom noj khoom haus, thiab biofuels. Sustainable sourcecing thiab tshiab ua technologies txuas ntxiv tsav kev nce qib hauv cellulose ntau lawm, txhim khu kev ua tau zoo, txo ib puag ncig cuam tshuam, thiab nthuav dav cov kev siv ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.